Yang Jiaxing, Zhang Laiying, Qiao Wenliang, Luo Youfu
Center of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China.
MedComm (2020). 2023 Sep 4;4(5):e353. doi: 10.1002/mco2.353. eCollection 2023 Oct.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern in the 21st century, especially due to drug resistance, coinfection with diseases like immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and coronavirus disease 2019, and the lengthy and costly treatment protocols. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of TB infection, therapeutic targets, and corresponding modulators, including first-line medications, current clinical trial drugs and molecules in preclinical assessment. Understanding the mechanisms of () infection and important biological targets can lead to innovative treatments. While most antitubercular agents target pathogen-related processes, host-directed therapy (HDT) modalities addressing immune defense, survival mechanisms, and immunopathology also hold promise. 's adaptation to the human host involves manipulating host cellular mechanisms, and HDT aims to disrupt this manipulation to enhance treatment effectiveness. Our review provides valuable insights for future anti-TB drug development efforts.
结核病（TB）在21世纪仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题，尤其是由于耐药性、与免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）和2019冠状病毒病等疾病的合并感染，以及漫长且昂贵的治疗方案。在本综述中，我们总结了结核感染的发病机制、治疗靶点和相应的调节剂，包括一线药物、当前的临床试验药物以及处于临床前评估阶段的分子。了解结核感染的机制和重要的生物学靶点可带来创新治疗方法。虽然大多数抗结核药物针对与病原体相关的过程，但针对免疫防御、生存机制和免疫病理学的宿主导向疗法（HDT）也具有前景。结核分枝杆菌对人类宿主的适应涉及操纵宿主细胞机制，而HDT旨在破坏这种操纵以提高治疗效果。我们的综述为未来抗结核药物研发工作提供了有价值的见解。
