Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, United States of America.
Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2020 Oct 20;15(10):e0240437. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240437. eCollection 2020.
Poor diets contribute to metabolic complications of obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Metabolomic biomarkers may serve as early nutrition-sensitive health indicators. This family-based lifestyle change program compared metabolic outcomes in an intervention group (INT) that consumed 2 nutrient bars daily for 2-months and a control group (CONT).
Overweight, predominantly minority and female adolescent (Teen)/parent adult caretaker (PAC) family units were recruited from a pediatric obesity clinic. CONT (8 Teen, 8 PAC) and INT (10 Teen, 10 PAC) groups randomized to nutrient bar supplementation attended weekly classes that included group nutrition counseling and supervised exercise. Pre-post physical and behavioral parameters, fasting traditional biomarkers, plasma sphingolipids and amino acid metabolites were measured.
In the full cohort, a baseline sphingolipid ceramide principal component composite score correlated with adiponectin, triglycerides, triglyceride-rich very low density lipoproteins, and atherogenic small low density lipoprotein (LDL) sublasses. Inverse associations were seen between a sphingomyelin composite score and C-reactive protein, a dihydroceramide composite score and diastolic blood pressure, and the final principal component that included glutathionone with fasting insulin and the homeostatic model of insulin resistance. In CONT, plasma ceramides, sphinganine, sphingosine and amino acid metabolites increased, presumably due to increased physical activity. Nutrient bar supplementation (INT) blunted this rise and significantly decreased ureagenic, aromatic and gluconeogenic amino acid metabolites. Metabolomic changes were positively correlated with improvements in clinical biomarkers of dyslipidemia.
Nutrient bar supplementation with increased physical activity in obese Teens and PAC elicits favorable metabolomic changes that correlate with improved dyslipidemia. The trial from which the analyses reported upon herein was part of a series of nutrient bar clinical trials registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02239198.
不良饮食会导致肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和血脂异常等代谢并发症。代谢组学生物标志物可以作为早期营养敏感的健康指标。本项基于家庭的生活方式改变计划比较了干预组（INT）和对照组（CONT）的代谢结果，INT 组连续 2 个月每天食用 2 根营养棒，CONT 组不做任何饮食改变。
超重的青少年（青少年）及其主要为少数族裔和女性的成年父母（PAC）家庭单位从一家儿科肥胖诊所招募。CONT 组（8 名青少年，8 名 PAC）和 INT 组（10 名青少年，10 名 PAC）随机分为营养棒补充组，参加每周一次的课程，包括小组营养咨询和监督锻炼。在基线和结束时测量身体和行为参数、空腹传统生物标志物、血浆神经酰胺和氨基酸代谢物。
在全队列中，基线神经酰胺神经酰胺主成分复合评分与脂联素、甘油三酯、富含甘油三酯的极低密度脂蛋白和致动脉粥样硬化小而密低密度脂蛋白（LDL）亚类相关。鞘氨醇复合评分与 C 反应蛋白呈负相关，二氢神经酰胺复合评分与舒张压呈负相关，最后一个包含谷胱甘肽的主成分与空腹胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型相关。在 CONT 组，血浆神经酰胺、神经鞘氨醇、神经酰胺和氨基酸代谢物增加，推测可能是由于体育活动增加。营养棒补充（INT）抑制了这种增加，并显著降低了尿素生成、芳香族和糖异生氨基酸代谢物。代谢组学变化与血脂异常的临床生物标志物改善呈正相关。
在肥胖青少年及其 PAC 中增加体育活动的营养棒补充会引起有利的代谢变化，与改善血脂异常相关。本分析所依据的试验是在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册的一系列营养棒临床试验的一部分，注册号为 NCT02239198。
