Oumer Mohammed, Taye Molla, Aragie Hailu, Tazebew Ashenafi
Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia.
Scientifica (Cairo). 2020 Oct 6;2020:4273510. doi: 10.1155/2020/4273510. eCollection 2020.
Spina bifida is an abnormal closure of the neural tube during the fourth week of development. It is the major cause of fetal loss and considerable disabilities in newborns. The aim of this review is to determine the pooled prevalence of spina bifida among newborns in Africa. PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Library, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, African Journals Online, and Embase databases were systematically searched. Cochran Q test and test statistics were applied to assess heterogeneity across studies. A random-effect model was applied to calculate the pooled prevalence of spina bifida. Forest plot and Galbraith's plot were used to visualize heterogeneity. Subgroup, sensitivity, meta-regression, and meta-cumulative analyses were performed. All essential data were extracted using a standardized data extraction format, and the JBI quality appraisal checklist was used to assess the quality of studies. Egger's test and Begg's test were used in order to detect the publication bias. In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, 6,587,298 births in twenty-seven studies were included. The pooled birth prevalence of spina bifida in Africa was 0.13% with a range between 0.12% and 0.14%. In Africa, the highest burden of spina bifida was detected in Algeria (0.43%), Ethiopia (0.32%), Tanzania (0.26%), Cameron (0.12%), Egypt (0.10%), and South Africa (0.10%). The lowest burden of spina bifida was detected in Libya (0.006%) and Tunisia (0.009%). The high birth prevalence of spina bifida was detected in Africa. There was a significant variation in the prevalence of spina bifida among study countries in Africa. The authors recommend that special awareness creation with the help of health education intervention should be provided for mothers to focus on prevention in order to reduce the burden of spina bifida.
脊柱裂是在发育第四周时神经管的异常闭合。它是胎儿丢失和新生儿严重残疾的主要原因。本综述的目的是确定非洲新生儿中脊柱裂的合并患病率。对PubMed/Medline、谷歌学术、科学Direct、乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）图书馆、考科蓝图书馆、科学网、非洲期刊在线和Embase数据库进行了系统检索。应用 Cochr an Q检验和检验统计量来评估各研究之间的异质性。采用随机效应模型计算脊柱裂的合并患病率。森林图和加尔布雷斯图用于直观展示异质性。进行了亚组分析、敏感性分析、元回归分析和元累积分析。所有必要数据均使用标准化数据提取格式进行提取，并使用JBI质量评估清单来评估研究质量。使用Egger检验和Begg检验来检测发表偏倚。在本系统综述和荟萃分析中，纳入了27项研究中的6587298例出生病例。非洲脊柱裂的合并出生患病率为0.13%，范围在0.12%至0.14%之间。在非洲，脊柱裂负担最高的是阿尔及利亚（0.43%）、埃塞俄比亚（0.32%）、坦桑尼亚（0.26%）、喀麦隆（0.12%）、埃及（0.10%）和南非（0.10%）。脊柱裂负担最低的是利比亚（0.006%）和突尼斯（0.009%）。非洲检测到脊柱裂的高出生患病率。非洲各研究国家之间脊柱裂的患病率存在显著差异。作者建议，应借助健康教育干预提高母亲的特别意识，以关注预防，从而减轻脊柱裂的负担。
