College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2020 Nov;23(6):987-993. doi: 10.1111/vop.12839. Epub 2020 Oct 21.
To describe clinical features of dogs diagnosed with choroidal melanocytic tumors at a veterinary teaching hospital.
Retrospective case series of 13 dogs (14 melanocytic tumors) with choroidal melanocytic tumors.
Medical records of dogs evaluated by the Cornell University ophthalmology service with a clinical diagnosis of a choroidal melanocytic tumor between 2008 and 2020 were reviewed. A choroidal melanocytic tumor was clinically defined as any well-demarcated, raised pigmented choroidal lesion underlying the retina. Histopathology results were consulted when available. Signalment and clinical features were recorded, including fundoscopic location, histopathologic findings, treatment, and outcome.
Choroidal melanocytic tumors were identified in 14 eyes of 13 dogs. The mean (±standard deviation) of dogs was 8.6 (±3.5) years. Seven different breeds were represented, with Labrador/Labrador mix being the most common. Ten of the 14 melanocytic tumors were diagnosed incidentally. Four dogs presented for vision loss and ocular discomfort, and diagnosis was made on histopathology examination following enucleation. Pulmonary metastasis was suspected in one dog with an incidentally found choroidal melanocytic tumor OD. Fundoscopic location was available for 8 melanocytic tumors, with 6 (75%) located in the tapetal fundus. Histopathologic diagnosis was melanocytoma for 3 and malignant melanoma in 1 globe, with optic nerve head invasion in 50%. Local recurrence was not seen in any orbit following enucleation.
Choroidal melanocytic tumors are uncommon in dogs. Metastasis appears to be rare and was only suspected in one dog, but intraocular tumor growth can lead to retinal detachment, glaucoma, and necessitate enucleation.
描述在一所兽医教学医院被诊断为脉络膜黑色素瘤的犬的临床特征。
2008 年至 2020 年间，在康奈尔大学眼科服务中心接受评估且临床诊断为脉络膜黑色素瘤的 13 只犬（14 个黑色素瘤）的回顾性病例系列研究。脉络膜黑色素瘤在临床上被定义为任何边界清楚、抬高的色素性脉络膜病变，位于视网膜下方。当有组织病理学结果时，会咨询组织病理学结果。记录了品种和临床特征，包括眼底位置、组织病理学发现、治疗和结果。
在 13 只犬的 14 只眼中发现了脉络膜黑色素瘤。犬的平均（±标准差）年龄为 8.6（±3.5）岁。有 7 个不同的品种，其中 Labrador/Labrador 混合犬最常见。10 个黑色素瘤是偶然诊断出来的。4 只狗因视力丧失和眼部不适就诊，在眼球摘除后通过组织病理学检查做出诊断。一只右眼偶然发现脉络膜黑色素瘤的犬被怀疑有肺转移。对 8 个黑色素瘤进行了眼底检查，其中 6 个（75%）位于 tapetal 眼底。3 个的组织病理学诊断为黑色素细胞瘤，1 个为恶性黑色素瘤，50%的病例视神经头受侵。眼球摘除后，任何眼眶均未见局部复发。
脉络膜黑色素瘤在犬中并不常见。转移似乎很少见，仅在一只犬中被怀疑，但眼内肿瘤生长可导致视网膜脱离、青光眼，并需要眼球摘除。
