Ein-Afshar Mohammad Javad, Shahrezaee Mostafa, Shahrezaee Mohammad Hossein, Sharifzadeh Seyed Reza
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2020 Sep;8(5):605-612. doi: 10.22038/abjs.2020.45014.2233.
The present study was conducted to quantify the relationships between bone drilling process parameters (i.e., feed rate, resting time, exit rate, and drill bit diameter) and drilling outcome parameters (i.e., thrust force and maximum temperature).
This study utilized 10-cm cortical bovine samples to evaluate the effects of four independent parameters, including drill bit diameters, six different feed rates, three various resting times, and three different exit rates on thrust force and maximum temperature (MT). A total of 28 stainless steel orthopedic drill bits with a diameter of 2.5 and 3.2 mm, as well as an orthopedic handpiece were attached to the 500N load cell and an accurate linear variable differential transformer to obtain forces. Moreover, two k-type thermocouples were utilized to record the temperature-time curve near the drilling site. The data were analyzed using the two-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey-Kramer Honest test.
Maximum thrust force (MTF) decreased by almost 230% as the drill bit diameter increased from 2.5 to 3.2 mm in the lowest feed rate. The MTF showed a 335% increase, whereas a decrease of 69% was observed as the feed rates rose from 0.5 to 3 mm/sec. Moreover, the MT decreased to 67% with an increasing exit rate from 1 to 3 mm/sec. Furthermore, a slight increase was observed in MT when the resting time increased from 0 to 2 seconds ().
The desired drilling is drilling with lower thrust force and lower final temperature of bone. Increasing feed rate can cause an increase and decline in thrust force and final temperature, respectively. The highest rates of MT were 0.5 and 1 mm/min, and the optimum feed rate would be 1.5 mm/min due to the averaged thrust force. Moreover, the resting time had no significant effects on the final temperature. Attentions to resting time would be useful to provide a more accurate, efficient, and uniform drill hole.
本研究旨在量化骨钻孔工艺参数（即进给速度、停留时间、退出速度和钻头直径）与钻孔结果参数（即推力和最高温度）之间的关系。
本研究使用10厘米长的牛皮质样本，评估四个独立参数的影响，包括钻头直径、六种不同的进给速度、三种不同的停留时间和三种不同的退出速度对推力和最高温度（MT）的影响。总共28个直径为2.5毫米和3.2毫米的不锈钢骨科钻头以及一个骨科手持件连接到500N称重传感器和一个精确的线性可变差动变压器上以获取力。此外，使用两个K型热电偶记录钻孔部位附近温度-时间曲线。数据采用双向方差分析和事后Tukey-Kramer诚实检验进行分析。
在最低进给速度下，当钻头直径从2.5毫米增加到3.2毫米时，最大推力（MTF）下降了近230%。随着进给速度从0.5毫米/秒增加到3毫米/秒，MTF增加了335%，而MT下降了69%。此外，随着退出速度从1毫米/秒增加到3毫米/秒，MT下降到67%。此外，当停留时间从0秒增加到2秒时，MT略有增加（）。
理想的钻孔是在较低的推力和较低的骨最终温度下进行。增加进给速度会分别导致推力和最终温度的增加和下降。MT的最高值分别为0.5毫米/分钟和1毫米/分钟，由于平均推力，最佳进给速度为1.5毫米/分钟。此外，停留时间对最终温度没有显著影响。注意停留时间将有助于提供更准确、高效和均匀的钻孔。
