Yoo Daekyum, Hamid Muhammad Mahboob Ali, Kim Hanbeen, Moon Joonbeom, Song Jaeyong, Lee Seyoung, Seo Jakyeom
Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea.
Institute of Livestock, Nonghyup Co. Ltd., Ansung 17558, Korea.
J Anim Sci Technol. 2020 Sep;62(5):638-647. doi: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.5.638. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
This study determined the substitution effects of rice for corn as the main grain source in a total mixed ration (TMR). rumen fermentation characteristics and microbes were assessed using two experimental diets. Diets included 33% dry matter (DM) of either corn (Corn TMR) or rice grains (Rice TMR). In a 48-h incubation, DM digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber degradability (IVNDFD), crude protein digestibility (IVCPD), volatile fatty acids (VFAs), pH and ammonia nitrogen (NH-N) were estimated. Gas production has been calculated at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. Our results indicate that the gas production, VFAs, IVDMD, and IVNDFD of Rice TMR were higher than those of Corn TMR ( < 0.05). Ruminal pH and total fungi were significantly higher in Corn TMR ( < 0.05) than in Rice TMR; however, NH-N and IVCPD were not affected by treatment type. In conclusion, substituting rice for corn at 33% DM in TMR appears to have no negative effects on rumen fermentation characteristics. Therefore, rice grains are an appropriate alternative energy source in early fattening stage diets of beef cattle.
本研究确定了在全混合日粮（TMR）中用大米替代玉米作为主要谷物来源的替代效应。使用两种试验日粮评估瘤胃发酵特性和微生物。日粮包含33%干物质（DM）的玉米（玉米TMR）或稻谷（大米TMR）。在48小时的培养过程中，估计了干物质消化率（IVDMD）、中性洗涤纤维降解率（IVNDFD）、粗蛋白消化率（IVCPD）、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）、pH值和氨氮（NH-N）。计算了3、6、12、24和48小时的产气量。我们的结果表明，大米TMR的产气量、VFA、IVDMD和IVNDFD高于玉米TMR（<0.05）。玉米TMR的瘤胃pH值和总真菌数量显著高于大米TMR（<0.05）；然而，NH-N和IVCPD不受处理类型的影响。总之，在TMR中用大米替代33%DM的玉米似乎对瘤胃发酵特性没有负面影响。因此，稻谷是肉牛育肥早期日粮中合适的替代能源。
