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物联网部署中的时间同步概述：时钟校准算法与协议

Overview of Time Synchronization for IoT Deployments: Clock Discipline Algorithms and Protocols.

作者信息

Yi Ği Tler Hüseyi N, Badihi Behnam, Jäntti Riku

机构信息

Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2020 Oct 20;20(20):5928. doi: 10.3390/s20205928.

DOI:10.3390/s20205928
PMID:33092256
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7589954/
Abstract

Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to change the everyday life of its users by enabling data exchanges among pervasive things through the Internet. Such a broad aim, however, puts prohibitive constraints on applications demanding time-synchronized operation for the chronological ordering of information or synchronous execution of some tasks, since in general the networks are formed by entities of widely varying resources. On one hand, the existing contemporary solutions for time synchronization, such as Network Time Protocol, do not easily tailor to resource-constrained devices, and on the other, the available solutions for constrained systems do not extend well to heterogeneous deployments. In this article, the time synchronization problems for IoT deployments for applications requiring a coherent notion of time are studied. Detailed derivations of the clock model and various clock relation models are provided. The clock synchronization methods are also presented for different models, and their expected performance are derived and illustrated. A survey of time synchronization protocols is provided to aid the IoT practitioners to select appropriate components for a deployment. The clock discipline algorithms are presented in a tutorial format, while the time synchronization methods are summarized as a survey. Therefore, this paper is a holistic overview of the available time synchronization methods for IoT deployments.

摘要

物联网（IoT）有望通过实现无处不在的事物之间通过互联网进行数据交换，来改变用户的日常生活。然而，这样一个广泛的目标，对那些要求为信息的时间顺序进行时间同步操作或同步执行某些任务的应用施加了过高的限制，因为一般来说，网络是由资源差异很大的实体组成的。一方面，现有的当代时间同步解决方案，如网络时间协议，不容易适用于资源受限的设备；另一方面，针对受限系统的可用解决方案不能很好地扩展到异构部署。在本文中，研究了物联网部署中对于需要连贯时间概念的应用的时间同步问题。提供了时钟模型和各种时钟关系模型的详细推导。还针对不同模型提出了时钟同步方法，并推导和说明了它们的预期性能。提供了时间同步协议的综述，以帮助物联网从业者为部署选择合适的组件。时钟规则算法以教程形式呈现，而时间同步方法则作为综述进行总结。因此，本文是对物联网部署中可用时间同步方法的全面概述。

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