Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
Department of Computer Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
J Med Internet Res. 2020 Oct 23;22(10):e22743. doi: 10.2196/22743.
Stress is a risk factor associated with physiological and mental health problems. Unobtrusive, continuous stress sensing would enable precision health monitoring and proactive interventions, but current sensing methods are often inconvenient, expensive, or suffer from limited adherence. Prior work has shown the possibility to detect acute stress using biomechanical models derived from passive logging of computer input devices.
Our objective is to detect acute stress from passive movement measurements of everyday interactions on a laptop trackpad: (1) click, (2) steer, and (3) drag and drop.
We built upon previous work, detecting acute stress through the biomechanical analyses of canonical computer mouse interactions and extended it to study similar interactions with the trackpad. A total of 18 participants carried out 40 trials each of three different types of movement-(1) click, (2) steer, and (3) drag and drop-under both relaxed and stressed conditions.
The mean and SD of the contact area under the finger were higher when clicking trials were performed under stressed versus relaxed conditions (mean area: P=.009, effect size=0.76; SD area: P=.01, effect size=0.69). Further, our results show that as little as 4 clicks on a trackpad can be used to detect binary levels of acute stress (ie, whether it is present or not).
We present evidence that scalable, inexpensive, and unobtrusive stress sensing can be done via repurposing passive monitoring of computer trackpad usage.
压力是与生理和心理健康问题相关的一个风险因素。非侵入性、连续的压力感测可以实现精准健康监测和主动干预，但目前的感测方法通常不方便、昂贵，或者受到限制。先前的工作已经表明，通过从计算机输入设备的被动记录中得出的生物力学模型来检测急性压力是有可能的。
我们的目的是从笔记本电脑触摸板的日常交互的被动运动测量中检测急性压力：（1）点击，（2）转向，和（3）拖放。
我们在先前的工作基础上，通过对典型计算机鼠标交互的生物力学分析来检测急性压力，并将其扩展到研究与触摸板类似的交互。共有 18 名参与者在放松和紧张两种条件下分别进行了 40 次三种不同类型的运动（1）点击、（2）转向和（3）拖放。
在紧张条件下进行点击试验时，手指下的接触面积的平均值和标准差更高（平均面积：P=.009，效应量=0.76；标准面积：P=.01，效应量=0.69）。此外，我们的结果表明，只需在触摸板上点击 4 次就可以检测到急性压力的二进制水平（即是否存在压力）。
我们提供的证据表明，可以通过重新利用计算机触摸板使用的被动监控来实现可扩展、经济实惠且非侵入性的压力感测。
