School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China E-mail:
Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China.
J Water Health. 2020 Oct;18(5):665-680. doi: 10.2166/wh.2020.092.
Sewage pollution is a major threat to public health because sewage is always accompanied by pathogens. Generally, wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) receive and treat sewage to control pathogenic risks and improve environmental health. This study investigated the changes in the bacterial community over the course of treatment by a WWTP. Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was performed to characterize the bacterial communities in the WWTP. This study found that potential pathogens in the WWTP, especially the genera Arcobacter and Acinetobacter, were greatly reduced. In addition, high chemical oxygen demand levels provided excessive growth substrates for the genera Hyphomicrobium and Rhodoplanes, the abundance of which could exceed autotrophic bacteria, increasing the ammonium removal. According to the network analysis, the bacterial assemblage was not randomly arranged in the WWTP, and various defined processes led to higher intra-phylum (such as Proteobacteria) coexistence than expected. Moreover, the metabolic functions of bacterial communities significantly improved in the WWTP compared with the influent. Together, the data in this study emphasize the need to understand the bacterial community of WWTPs better. When analyzing the risks of WWTP drainage systems to the environment and human health, these data should be considered.
污水污染是对公众健康的主要威胁，因为污水总是伴随着病原体。一般来说，污水处理厂（WWTP）接收和处理污水以控制病原体风险并改善环境卫生。本研究调查了 WWTP 处理过程中细菌群落的变化。通过 Illumina MiSeq 高通量测序对 WWTP 中的细菌群落进行了特征描述。本研究发现 WWTP 中的潜在病原体，特别是弧菌属和不动杆菌属，大大减少。此外，高化学需氧量水平为食氢菌属和红平菌属等提供了过多的生长基质，其丰度可能超过自养菌，从而增加了氨氮的去除。根据网络分析，WWTP 中的细菌组合不是随机排列的，各种定义的过程导致了较高的门内（如变形菌门）共存，超出了预期。此外，与进水相比，WWTP 中细菌群落的代谢功能显著改善。总之，本研究强调需要更好地了解 WWTP 的细菌群落。在分析 WWTP 排水系统对环境和人类健康的风险时，应该考虑这些数据。
