Abunaser Suhaib G, Abdelhay Arwa
Environmental and Renewable energy Engineering, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan.
Civil and Environmental Engineering department, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan.
Environ Technol. 2020 Nov 8:1-11. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1841832.
Jordan is facing severe challenges in terms of water scarcity and wastewater management. Thus, there is a growing need for adopting innovative approaches to overcome these challenges. Within the framework of this study, a pilot project was implemented to treat household greywater in rural areas in Jordan with a purpose of reuse for irrigation. The project consists of designing and developing four vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW) systems located in different sites and integrating them in a decentralized treatment system. The project work aims particularly to present a model of an innovative, compact and effective modified VFCW system. The performance of the systems was assessed by analyzing the quality of the influent and effluent streams through testing 19 water quality parameters. The results revealed that the design was adequate and efficient in treating greywater as exemplified by removal efficiencies of 90%, 90% and 92% for BOD, COD and TSS respectively. Moreover, the other physico-chemical parameters (T-N, T-P, N-NO3-, Turbidity, Ca, Mg, SO4-, and heavy metals) measured in the effluent streams complied all with the Jordanian standards for unrestricted irrigation. Therefore, the outcomes of the current study can be invested to support the use of constructed wetlands in Jordan as a sustainable technology to improve the wastewater management practices and reinforce the decentralized wastewater treatment approach in rural areas.
约旦在水资源短缺和废水管理方面面临严峻挑战。因此，越来越需要采用创新方法来克服这些挑战。在本研究框架内，实施了一个试点项目，用于处理约旦农村地区的家庭灰水，目的是将其再利用于灌溉。该项目包括设计和开发位于不同地点的四个垂直流人工湿地（VFCW）系统，并将它们整合到一个分散式处理系统中。该项目工作尤其旨在展示一种创新、紧凑且有效的改良VFCW系统模型。通过测试19个水质参数来分析进水和出水的质量，从而评估系统的性能。结果表明，该设计在处理灰水方面是充分且高效的，例如BOD、COD和TSS的去除效率分别为90%、90%和92%。此外，在出水流中测量的其他物理化学参数（总氮、总磷、硝酸根氮、浊度、钙、镁、硫酸根以及重金属）均符合约旦无限制灌溉标准。因此，当前研究的成果可用于支持约旦将人工湿地作为一种可持续技术来改善废水管理实践，并加强农村地区的分散式废水处理方法。
