巴西镰状细胞病人群中 HIV 风险的特征。
Characterization of HIV risks in a Brazilian sickle cell disease population.
机构信息
Hospital Moysés Deutsch, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Disciplina de Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2020 Oct 23;20(1):1606. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09702-5.
BACKGROUND
A low prevalence of HIV in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients has been reported in the literature though mechanisms for this are not understood.
METHODS
HIV risk behaviors were compared between SCD cases and non-SCD controls using a self-administered audio computer-assisted self-interview. SCD cases were recruited from a multi-center SCD cohort established in Brazil; controls were recruited from SCD social contacts. Categorical variables were analyzed using Chi-Square or Fisher exact test. Continuous variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS
There were 152 SCD cases and 154 age/location matched controls enrolled at three participating Brazilian centers during 2016-17. No significant differences in number of sexual partners (lifetime or previous 12 months), male-to-male sex partners or intravenous drug use were observed. Cases received more transfusions, surgeries, and acupuncture treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Besides the risk of transfusion-transmitted HIV, which is now exceedingly rare, SCD and non-SCD participants demonstrated similar HIV risk behaviors. Causes other than risk behaviors such as factors inherent to SCD pathophysiology may explain the reported low prevalence of HIV in SCD.
背景
文献中报道镰状细胞病（SCD）患者的 HIV 感染率较低，但尚不清楚其机制。
方法
使用自我管理的音频计算机辅助自我访谈，比较 SCD 病例和非 SCD 对照者的 HIV 风险行为。SCD 病例从巴西的多中心 SCD 队列中招募；对照者从 SCD 社会接触者中招募。使用卡方检验或 Fisher 精确检验分析分类变量。使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验比较连续变量。
结果
2016-17 年，在三个参与的巴西中心共招募了 152 例 SCD 病例和 154 名年龄/地点匹配的对照者。病例和对照者在性伴侣数量（终生或过去 12 个月）、男男性行为者或静脉吸毒方面无显著差异。病例接受了更多的输血、手术和针灸治疗。
结论
除了现在极为罕见的输血传播 HIV 风险外，SCD 和非 SCD 参与者表现出相似的 HIV 风险行为。除了风险行为之外的其他原因，如 SCD 病理生理学固有的因素，可能解释了报道的 SCD 中 HIV 感染率较低的现象。
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