Olry de Labry-Lima Antonio, Bermúdez-Tamayo Clara, Martinez-Olmos José, Martin-Ruiz Eva
Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, España; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, España; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España.
Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, España; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, España; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed). 2020 Oct 20;39(9):436-44. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2020.07.008.
The global health emergency caused by the current COVID-19 pandemic is resulting in a huge challenge at all levels. The use of masks may reduce the spread of the infection by minimising the excretion of Flügge droplets. The objective of this study was to compile the evidence available on the use of masks in relation to respiratory infections.
An umbrella review (review of systematic reviews) was conducted. Two reviewers independently carried out the screening process, data extraction and data analysis. Discrepancies were resolved with a third reviewer, and the assessment of the risk of bias of the studies was carried out using the AMSTAR 2 tool. The Rayyan QCRI program was used for the screening process.
A total of eight systematic reviews were included. The studies analysed the use of masks in the general population, in long-term care facilities, in hospitals and at mass gatherings, and compared the effectiveness thereof in preventing infection. The results of this review revealed that the use of masks is associated with a protective effect against respiratory infections in healthcare facilities, in long-term care facilities and at mass gatherings.
In light of the results, it seems reasonable to recommend the use of masks to the general population, but this use should be accompanied by a training programme to improve compliance, as not using them properly may increase the risk of infection.
当前新冠疫情引发的全球卫生紧急状况在各个层面都带来了巨大挑战。佩戴口罩通过最大限度减少飞沫排出，可能会降低感染传播。本研究的目的是汇总有关口罩在呼吸道感染方面应用的现有证据。
进行了一项伞状综述（系统综述的综述）。两名评审员独立进行筛选过程、数据提取和数据分析。分歧由第三名评审员解决，并使用AMSTAR 2工具对研究的偏倚风险进行评估。筛选过程使用Rayyan QCRI程序。
共纳入八项系统综述。这些研究分析了普通人群、长期护理机构、医院和大型集会中口罩的使用情况，并比较了其在预防感染方面的有效性。本综述结果显示，在医疗机构、长期护理机构和大型集会中，佩戴口罩对预防呼吸道感染具有保护作用。
鉴于研究结果，向普通人群推荐使用口罩似乎是合理的，但这种使用应伴有培训计划以提高依从性，因为不正确佩戴口罩可能会增加感染风险。
