宫颈癌筛查。
Screening for Cervical Cancer.
机构信息
Department of Sociology, Stanford University, 120, 450 Serra Mall Wallenberg, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, 85 East Concord Street, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Department of Sociology, Stanford University, 120, 450 Serra Mall Wallenberg, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, 85 East Concord Street, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
出版信息
Med Clin North Am. 2020 Nov;104(6):1063-1078. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2020.08.006.
Abstract
The most effective strategy for cervical cancer prevention involves vaccination to prevent human papillomavirus (HPV) infections during adolescence followed by screening to detect HPV infections during adulthood. HPV vaccination before sexual debut can prevent HPV infections, precancers, and cancers. HPV vaccination of sexually active populations does not prevent cancer. Screening with HPV testing is the most effective method of detecting precancers and cancers between ages 25 and 65. Ensuring adequate screening around the age of menopause may be the key to preventing cervical cancer among elderly women. Most cervical cancers at all ages occur among unscreened or underscreened women.
摘要
预防宫颈癌最有效的策略包括在青少年时期接种疫苗以预防人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染，以及在成年后进行筛查以检测 HPV 感染。在性行为开始之前接种 HPV 疫苗可以预防 HPV 感染、癌前病变和癌症。对有性行为的人群进行 HPV 疫苗接种并不能预防癌症。HPV 检测筛查是在 25 至 65 岁之间检测癌前病变和癌症最有效的方法。确保在绝经前后进行充分的筛查可能是预防老年女性宫颈癌的关键。各年龄段的大多数宫颈癌都发生在未筛查或筛查不足的女性中。
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