与新冠病毒相关的教室中气溶胶传播的数值研究。

Numerical investigation of aerosol transport in a classroom with relevance to COVID-19.

作者信息

Abuhegazy Mohamed, Talaat Khaled, Anderoglu Osman, Poroseva Svetlana V

机构信息

Mechanical Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, USA.

Nuclear Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, USA.

出版信息

Phys Fluids (1994). 2020 Oct 1;32(10):103311. doi: 10.1063/5.0029118.

The present study investigates aerosol transport and surface deposition in a realistic classroom environment using computational fluid-particle dynamics simulations. Effects of particle size, aerosol source location, glass barriers, and windows are explored. While aerosol transport in air exhibits some stochasticity, it is found that a significant fraction (24%-50%) of particles smaller than 15 m exit the system within 15 min through the air conditioning system. Particles larger than 20 m almost entirely deposit on the ground, desks, and nearby surfaces in the room. Source location strongly influences the trajectory and deposition distribution of the exhaled aerosol particles and affects the effectiveness of mitigation measures such as glass barriers. Glass barriers are found to reduce the aerosol transmission of 1 m particles from the source individual to others separated by at least 2.4 m by ∼92%. By opening windows, the particle exit fraction can be increased by ∼38% compared to the case with closed windows and reduces aerosol deposition on people in the room. On average, ∼69% of 1 m particles exit the system when the windows are open.

本研究利用计算流体-颗粒动力学模拟，在实际教室环境中研究气溶胶传输和表面沉积。探讨了粒径、气溶胶源位置、玻璃屏障和窗户的影响。虽然空气中的气溶胶传输表现出一定的随机性，但发现小于15微米的颗粒中有很大一部分（24%-50%）在15分钟内通过空调系统排出系统。大于20微米的颗粒几乎完全沉积在房间的地面、书桌和附近表面上。源位置强烈影响呼出的气溶胶颗粒的轨迹和沉积分布，并影响玻璃屏障等缓解措施的有效性。发现玻璃屏障可将源个体产生的1微米颗粒向至少相距2.4米的其他人的气溶胶传输减少约92%。与窗户关闭的情况相比，通过打开窗户，颗粒排出比例可提高约38%，并减少气溶胶在室内人员身上的沉积。窗户打开时，平均约69%的1微米颗粒排出系统。