University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 May;37(9-10):NP7082-NP7108. doi: 10.1177/0886260520966667. Epub 2020 Oct 26.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects millions of people across the world and is associated with a significant impact on physical and mental health of the victim. IPV often takes place within the context of marriage, where gender role expectations can play an important part in shaping attitudes towards it. While there is much research carried out to understand the phenomenon of IPV, little relates to how a husband and wife's accounts of spousal role expectations of each other contribute to marital conflict. The issue of IPV within marriage is highly sensitive, particularly in a patriarchy such as Pakistan. The aim of this unique study was to explore the perspective of Pakistani men and women about a husband and wife's role expectations and how fulfillment of such spousal role expectations impacts on marital conflict, and thereby IPV. Using the community setting, data for this qualitative study were collected through 41 individual interviews, including 20 from Pakistan and 21 from the UK. The findings are presented in two main themes, each containing two subthemes. The theme "provider and protector" relates to the role expectations from a husband, whereas "caretaker and household manager" relates to the role expectations of a wife. Overall, husbands and wives have numerous expectations of each other, and these expectations are shaped by gender role attitudes alongside cultural and societal norms. Unmet expectations and deviation of behavior from the perceived norms can result in the development of marital conflict which can escalate to IPV. The significance of this study lies in understanding spousal role expectations from the perspectives of husbands and wives and how unmet expectations contribute to marital conflict and IPV is important for health care professionals within family health contexts. This article provides a detailed insight of this largely hidden phenomena.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）影响着全世界数百万人，对受害者的身心健康造成重大影响。IPV 通常发生在婚姻中，而性别角色期望在塑造人们对其的态度方面起着重要作用。尽管有大量研究致力于了解 IPV 现象，但很少涉及夫妻双方对彼此配偶角色期望的描述如何导致婚姻冲突。婚姻中的 IPV 问题非常敏感，尤其是在巴基斯坦这样的父权制社会中。这项独特研究的目的是探讨巴基斯坦男女对夫妻角色期望的看法，以及夫妻双方对彼此配偶角色期望的满足程度如何影响婚姻冲突，从而影响 IPV。本研究采用社区环境，通过 41 次个人访谈收集了定性研究数据，其中 20 次来自巴基斯坦，21 次来自英国。研究结果以两个主要主题呈现，每个主题包含两个子主题。主题“提供者和保护者”与丈夫的角色期望有关，而“照顾者和家庭管理者”则与妻子的角色期望有关。总体而言，丈夫和妻子对彼此有许多期望，这些期望受到性别角色态度以及文化和社会规范的影响。期望未得到满足以及行为偏离感知规范可能导致婚姻冲突的发展，从而可能升级为 IPV。这项研究的意义在于从丈夫和妻子的角度理解配偶角色期望，以及未满足的期望如何导致婚姻冲突和 IPV，这对于家庭健康背景下的医疗保健专业人员非常重要。本文详细探讨了这一在很大程度上被隐藏的现象。
