School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University , Halmstad, Sweden.
Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg, Sweden.
Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. 2020 Dec;15(sup1):1794364. doi: 10.1080/17482631.2020.1794364.
This study aimed to describe and problematize the advice on exercise and diet that personal trainers (PTs) provide to their clients from a gender perspective. The present study had an explorative design, and the interviews were analysed using an interpretative qualitative approach. Seven focus group discussions were conducted with 19 PTs (aged 23-47 years). The findings indicated that the PTs had a to both women and men, guiding them towards a relaxed attitude to exercise and diet, prioritizing and rationalizing their exercise and diet and eating a natural diet. PTs also had a as regards women who showed unhealthy exercise and eating behaviours; advising them to eat more and exercise less, to focus on performance rather than appearance and to avoid heavy weightlifting. Some PTs acted evasively and did not give advice to men. Both approaches include advice that reflect health as control and health as release. From a gender perspective, PTs health advice both challenged and reproduced the stereotypical male norm in the fitness gym space. However, PTs gendered health advice may create different opportunities for men and women to promote their health and well-being in the fitness gym.
本研究旨在从性别视角描述和探讨私人教练（PTs）向客户提供的运动和饮食建议，并分析其中存在的问题。本研究采用探索性设计，通过解释性定性方法对访谈进行分析。本研究共进行了 7 次焦点小组讨论，参与者为 19 名年龄在 23-47 岁之间的 PTs。研究结果表明，PTs 对男性和女性都提供了指导，帮助他们以轻松的态度对待运动和饮食，优先考虑和合理化自己的运动和饮食计划，以及食用自然的饮食。对于表现出不健康运动和饮食习惯的女性，PTs 也有两种建议：一是建议她们多吃少运动，注重表现而不是外表，避免过度举重；二是建议她们少吃多运动，更注重外表而不是表现，避免进行大重量训练。一些 PTs 回避了这个问题，没有给男性提供任何建议。这两种建议都反映了健康作为控制和健康作为释放的理念。从性别视角来看，PTs 的健康建议既挑战了又复制了健身会所空间中的典型男性规范。然而，PTs 的性别化健康建议可能为男性和女性在健身会所中促进自身健康和福祉创造了不同的机会。
