Can Commun Dis Rep. 2020 Sep 3;46(9):305-308. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v46i09a09.
Vaccines are among the safest therapeutic agents, and serious adverse events rarely occur. When they do occur, an individual may have to bear some or all of the costs associated with their injuries, seek compensation through litigation or, if available, seek compensation from a publicly-supported Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VIC Programs). The VIC Programs are "no-fault" compensation schemes in which governments compensate individuals who are harmed by properly manufactured vaccines. There are ethical, legal and practical rationales to support these programs. Worldwide there are 19 countries that have implemented VIC Programs; in the majority of these countries, vaccines are not mandatory. They all have similar processes with respect to process, standard of proof and elements of compensation. In Canada, only the province of Québec has a VIC Program, which has been running successfully since 1985. Concerns with VIC Programs include cost, difficulties assessing causality and concern that such programs may undermine public trust in vaccines; but these concerns can be addressed, especially in high-income countries that can bear the costs and have the capacity to manage the program.
疫苗是最安全的治疗手段之一，严重不良事件很少发生。当此类事件发生时，个人可能要承担与伤害相关的部分或全部费用，通过诉讼寻求赔偿，或者在有条件的情况下，从政府支持的疫苗伤害赔偿计划（VIC计划）中寻求赔偿。VIC计划是“无过错”赔偿计划，政府会对因正确生产的疫苗而受到伤害的个人进行赔偿。有伦理、法律和实际理由支持这些计划。全球有19个国家实施了VIC计划；在这些国家中的大多数，疫苗并非强制接种。它们在程序、举证标准和赔偿要素方面都有类似的流程。在加拿大，只有魁北克省有VIC计划，该计划自1985年以来一直成功运行。对VIC计划的担忧包括成本、评估因果关系的困难以及担心此类计划可能会削弱公众对疫苗的信任；但这些担忧是可以解决的，尤其是在有能力承担成本并具备管理该计划能力的高收入国家。
