Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
Nutrients. 2020 Oct 22;12(11):3225. doi: 10.3390/nu12113225.
Understanding the importance of the gut microbiota (GM) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has raised the hope for therapeutic microbes. We have shown that high hepatic fat content associated with low abundance of in humans and, further, the administration of prevented NAFLD in mice. Here, we aimed at targeting by prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) to treat NAFLD. First, the effect of XOS on growth was assessed in vitro. Then, XOS was supplemented or not with high (HFD, 60% of energy from fat) or low (LFD) fat diet for 12 weeks in Wistar rats ( = 10/group). XOS increased growth, having only a minor impact on the GM composition. When supplemented with HFD, XOS ameliorated hepatic steatosis. The underlying mechanisms involved enhanced hepatic β-oxidation and mitochondrial respiration. Nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR) analysis of cecal metabolites showed that, compared to the HFD, the LFD group had a healthier cecal short-chain fatty acid profile and on the HFD, XOS reduced cecal isovalerate and tyrosine, metabolites previously linked to NAFLD. Cecal branched-chain fatty acids associated positively and butyrate negatively with hepatic triglycerides. In conclusion, XOS supplementation can ameliorate NAFLD by improving hepatic oxidative metabolism and affecting GM.
了解肠道微生物群（GM）在非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）中的重要性，为治疗性微生物带来了希望。我们已经表明，人类肝脏脂肪含量高与减少有关，此外，施用可预防小鼠的 NAFLD。在这里，我们旨在通过益生元木寡糖（XOS）来靶向，以治疗 NAFLD。首先，在体外评估 XOS 对的生长的影响。然后，将 XOS 补充或不补充高（HFD，脂肪提供的能量的 60%）或低（LFD）脂肪饮食 12 周，在 Wistar 大鼠中（每组 = 10）。XOS 增加了的生长，对 GM 组成只有很小的影响。当与 HFD 一起补充时，XOS 改善了肝脂肪变性。潜在的机制涉及增强的肝β-氧化和线粒体呼吸。粪便代谢物的核磁共振（H-NMR）分析表明，与 HFD 相比，LFD 组的粪便短链脂肪酸谱更健康，而在 HFD 上，XOS 降低了粪便异戊酸和酪氨酸，这两种代谢物以前与 NAFLD 有关。粪便支链脂肪酸与肝甘油三酯呈正相关，与丁酸呈负相关。总之，XOS 补充可以通过改善肝脏氧化代谢和影响 GM 来改善 NAFLD。
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