Department of Internal Medicine, Veterinary Specialist Services, Carrara, 4211, Australia.
Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia.
J Small Anim Pract. 2021 Jan;62(1):19-27. doi: 10.1111/jsap.13232. Epub 2020 Oct 26.
To report the clinical presentation, laboratory and imaging findings, treatment and outcome of abdominal cryptococcosis in dogs and cats in Australia.
Canine and feline cases from Australia were retrospectively identified (2000 to 2018) via laboratory and referral centre searches for abdominal cryptococcosis diagnosed by cytology (needle aspirates) or histopathology (biopsy or necropsy) of abdominal organs/tissues. Signalment, presenting complaints, clinical signs, laboratory findings, medical imaging, latex cryptococcal antigen agglutination test (LCAT) titres, treatment and outcome data was collected.
Thirty-eight cases were included (35 dogs, three cats) in the study. Median age of presentation was 2 years for dogs and 6 years for cats. Common presenting complaints included vomiting (23/38), lethargy (19/38) and inappetence/anorexia (15/38). Abdominal ultrasound (25/38 cases) revealed mesenteric and intestinal lesions in most of the cases. On surgical exploration, seven cases had an intestinal lesion associated with an intussusception. Nineteen cases had a pre-treatment LCAT performed, with a median initial titre of 1:2048 (range 1:2 to 65,536). Twenty-four cases (23 dogs, one cat) received treatment, either medical, surgical or both. Median survival time for cases with combined medical and surgical treatment, surgical treatment alone or medical treatment alone was 730, 140 and 561 days, respectively. Eleven remain alive at the time of follow up.
Abdominal cryptococcosis although rare should be a considered as a diagnostic possibility in an especially young dog presenting with gastro-intestinal signs. Older dogs can also present with this condition and should not be euthanised based on imaging alone due to the likenesses with neoplasia. With appropriate treatment and monitoring many dogs may have a prolonged survival period and some may be cured.
报告在澳大利亚的犬猫腹部隐球菌病的临床症状、实验室和影像学表现、治疗和结果。
通过对 2000 年至 2018 年期间实验室和转诊中心的检索，对澳大利亚犬猫腹部隐球菌病进行回顾性诊断，方法是对腹部器官/组织进行细胞学（细针抽吸）或组织病理学（活检或尸检）检查。收集了一般情况、主诉、临床症状、实验室发现、医学影像学、乳胶隐球菌抗原凝集试验（LCAT）滴度、治疗和结果数据。
本研究纳入 38 例（35 只犬，3 只猫）病例。犬的中位发病年龄为 2 岁，猫为 6 岁。常见的主诉包括呕吐（23/38）、嗜睡（19/38）和食欲不振/厌食（15/38）。腹部超声（25/38 例）显示大多数病例肠系膜和肠道有病变。在手术探查中，有 7 例肠病变伴有肠套叠。19 例在治疗前进行了 LCAT 检测，初始滴度中位数为 1:2048（范围 1:2 至 65,536）。24 例（23 只犬，1 只猫）接受了治疗，包括内科、外科或两者兼施。联合内科和外科治疗、单独外科治疗或单独内科治疗的中位生存时间分别为 730、140 和 561 天。在随访时，11 例仍存活。
尽管腹部隐球菌病罕见，但对于有胃肠道症状的年轻犬，应将其作为一种诊断可能性进行考虑。老年犬也可能出现这种情况，不应该仅仅因为影像学上的相似而对其进行安乐死，因为这种情况与肿瘤相似。经过适当的治疗和监测，许多犬可能会有较长的存活期，有些犬可能会被治愈。
