Reis Rosani Santos, Bonna Isabel Cristina Fábregas, Antonio Isabela Maria da Silva, Pereira Sandro Antonio, Nascimento Carlos Roberto Sobrinho do, Ferraris Fausto Klabund, Brito-Santos Fábio, Ferreira Gremião Isabella Dib, Trilles Luciana
Mycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases (INI), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil.
Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals (Lapclin-Dermzoo)/INI/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Nov 18;7(11):980. doi: 10.3390/jof7110980.
Cryptococcosis is a systemic fungal disease acquired from contaminated environments with propagules of the basidiomycetous yeasts of the and species complexes. The species complex classically comprises four major molecular types (VNI, VNII, VNIII, and VNIV), and the species complex comprises another four (VGI, VGII, VGIII, and VGIV) and the newly identified molecular type VGV. These major molecular types differ in their epidemiological and ecological features, clinical presentations, and therapeutic outcomes. Generally, the most common isolated types are VNI, VGI, and VGII. The epidemiological profile of cryptococcosis in domestic cats is poorly studied and cats can be the sentinels for human infections. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the molecular characterization of spp. isolated from domestic cats and their dwellings in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 36 spp. strains, both clinical and environmental, from 19 cats were subtyped using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The ploidy was identified using flow cytometry and the mating type was determined through amplification with specific pheromone primers. All strains were mating type alpha and 6/36 were diploid (all VNII). Most isolates (63.88%) were identified as VNII, a rare molecular type, leading to the consideration that this genotype is more likely related to skin lesions, since there was a high percentage (68.75%) of cats with skin lesions, which is also considered rare. Further studies regarding the molecular epidemiology of cryptococcosis in felines are still needed to clarify the reason for the large proportion of the rare molecular type VNII causing infections in cats.
隐球菌病是一种全身性真菌疾病，由接触被担子菌酵母 和 物种复合体的繁殖体污染的环境而感染。 物种复合体通常包括四种主要分子类型（VNI、VNII、VNIII和VNIV）， 物种复合体包括另外四种（VGI、VGI、VGIII和VGIV）以及新鉴定的分子类型VGV。这些主要分子类型在流行病学和生态学特征、临床表现及治疗结果方面存在差异。一般来说，最常分离出的类型是VNI、VGI和VGI。家猫隐球菌病的流行病学特征研究较少，且猫可能是人类感染的哨兵。因此，本研究旨在确定从巴西里约热内卢大都市区的家猫及其住所分离出的 属物种的分子特征。使用多位点序列分型（MLST）对来自19只猫的总共36株 属物种菌株（包括临床菌株和环境菌株）进行亚型分析。使用流式细胞术鉴定倍性，并通过用特定信息素引物扩增来确定交配型。所有菌株的交配型均为α型，36株中有6株为二倍体（均为VNII）。大多数分离株（63.88%）被鉴定为VNII，这是一种罕见的分子类型，鉴于有高比例（68.75%）的猫有皮肤病变（这也被认为很罕见），因此认为该基因型更可能与皮肤病变有关。仍需要进一步开展关于猫科动物隐球菌病分子流行病学的研究，以阐明罕见分子类型VNII在猫感染中占很大比例的原因。
