Kniebel C, Niemitz C
Institut für Anthropologie und Humanbiologie der Freien Universität Berlin.
Anthropol Anz. 1987 Sep;45(3):203-25.
Within this paleodontological study 26 Achemenid and 8 Islamic skeletons from the excavations at Tahkt-i Suleiman (Western Iran) were investigated. The diagnosis of age and sex was done repeatedly according to various methods. The adult Achemenids reached an average age of 54.4 years (n = 16; SD = +/- 9.9 y), while the Islamic adult individuals reached a lifespan of 36.9 (n = 8; SD = +/- 11.0 y). The skeletons of the Achemenid children had an average of 6.8 years (n = 9; SD = +/- 3.3 y). In the specific dental investigations the teeth of all skeletons were checked for missing teeth or dental diseases or alterations of the jaws. For the whole series intravital loss of 19.3% of the teeth was found. 21.6% of the teeth were lost postmortally. The intravital loss of single teeth was 21.9% in the Achemenid teeth, disregarding the wisdom tooth and Dentes decidui; the respective value was 12% in the Islamic skeletons. The investigation for caries yielded a morbidity of 50% in the Achemenid skeletons, and 57% in the Islamic teeth. The frequency of caries was 6.2% in Achemenids and 9% in Islamic individuals. In the Dentes decidui the frequency of caries was found to be 3.6%. Dental tartar was present in 44.8% of the teeth, 42% of Achemenid teeth and 58% of Islamic teeth being affected. 33% of all teeth showed garlands of dental tartar. Signs of parodontolysis were investigated considering the health of the individual and the preservation of the skeleton. All adult teeth showed age-dependent parodontolysis, the means of which were quantified.
在这项古牙科学研究中，对来自伊朗西部塔克特-苏莱曼遗址发掘出的26具阿契美尼德时期和8具伊斯兰时期的骨骼进行了调查。根据多种方法反复进行年龄和性别的诊断。阿契美尼德时期的成年人平均年龄为54.4岁（n = 16；标准差=±9.9岁），而伊斯兰时期的成年人寿命为36.9岁（n = 8；标准差=±11.0岁）。阿契美尼德时期儿童的骨骼平均年龄为6.8岁（n = 9；标准差=±3.3岁）。在特定的牙齿调查中，检查了所有骨骼的牙齿是否有牙齿缺失、牙科疾病或颌骨改变。在整个样本中，发现生前牙齿缺失率为19.3%。死后牙齿缺失率为21.6%。不考虑智齿和乳牙，阿契美尼德时期牙齿的单颗生前缺失率为21.9%；伊斯兰时期骨骼的相应值为12%。龋齿调查显示，阿契美尼德时期骨骼的发病率为50%，伊斯兰时期牙齿的发病率为57%。阿契美尼德时期龋齿的发生率为6.2%，伊斯兰时期个体为9%。在乳牙中，龋齿发生率为3.6%。44.8%的牙齿有牙垢，阿契美尼德时期牙齿的42%和伊斯兰时期牙齿的58%受到影响。33%的牙齿有牙垢环。考虑到个体健康和骨骼保存情况，对牙周炎迹象进行了调查。所有恒牙均显示出与年龄相关的牙周炎，并对其程度进行了量化。
