Pluta Beata, Korcz Agata, Krzysztoszek Jana, Bronikowski Michał, Bronikowska Małgorzata
Department of Recreation, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznan, Poland.
Department of Didactics of Physical Activity, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznan, Poland.
Arch Public Health. 2020 Oct 23;78:106. doi: 10.1186/s13690-020-00490-3. eCollection 2020.
The aim of this study was to examine adolescents' perceptions of parental, teacher, and peer support for physical activity, and to examine the associations between these perceptions and physical activity behavior.
The study included 902 secondary school students, who completed the Short Scale of Youth's Social Support Assessment (SSYSS). The level of physical activity - more specifically, moderate to vigorous physical activity - was measured using a Physical Activity Screening Measure. The associations were examined by a five-step hierarchical regression. Body mass index (BMI) was defined using the LMS method, which summarizes the distribution of BMI by age and gender in terms of three curves, L (lambda), M (mu), and S (sigma), and was based on a nationally representative sample of Polish children and adolescents.
The study indicated a positive correlation between MVPA (moderate to vigorous physical activity) and three sources of social support; however, in the regression model, this explained only part of the variance. In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, MVPA level was predicted by five variables involvement in sports training, teachers support, parents support, gender and BMI. The direct effects for teachers and parents support were similar. This demonstrates that both teachers' and parents' social support exert influence on adolescent MVPA.
The findings from this research suggest that school-based interventions for adolescents should specifically take into consideration family, teachers, and peers as important sources of social support for general physical activity promotion that aims to increase its levels.
本研究旨在调查青少年对父母、教师和同伴给予体育活动支持的认知，并探究这些认知与体育活动行为之间的关联。
该研究纳入了902名中学生，他们完成了青少年社会支持评估简表（SSYSS）。体育活动水平——更具体地说是中度至剧烈体育活动——通过体育活动筛查量表进行测量。通过五步分层回归分析这些关联。体重指数（BMI）采用LMS方法定义，该方法根据L（λ）、M（μ）和S（σ）三条曲线总结了按年龄和性别划分的BMI分布情况，其基于波兰儿童和青少年具有全国代表性的样本。
该研究表明中度至剧烈体育活动（MVPA）与三种社会支持来源之间存在正相关；然而，在回归模型中，这仅解释了部分方差。在分层多元回归分析中，MVPA水平由五个变量预测，即参与体育训练、教师支持、父母支持、性别和BMI。教师和父母支持的直接效应相似。这表明教师和父母的社会支持均对青少年的MVPA产生影响。
本研究结果表明，针对青少年的校本干预措施应特别将家庭、教师和同伴视为促进总体体育活动、提高其水平的重要社会支持来源加以考虑。
