Zheng Nan
School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, 650 Qingyuanhuan Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 May 26;25(1):1945. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23187-0.
To examine the relationship between socioeconomic status and organized sports participation among children and adolescents, and to reveal the mediating role of parental physical exercise and parental support between socioeconomic status and participation in organized sports.
A cross-sectional survey of 1512 parents of children and adolescents in Shanghai was conducted via the socioeconomic status scale, physical activity rating scale, and parental support for children's sports training scale. Structural equation modeling was used to test the direct and mediating effects.
(1) The direct effect of socioeconomic status on organized sports participation was significant (β = 0.184, P < 0.001) (2). The simple mediating effect of parental support was significant (β = 0.051; 95% CI [0.030, 0.079]), accounting for 16.56% of the total effect. The chained mediating effect of parental physical exercise and parental support was significant (β = 0.056, 95% CI [0.034, 0.084]), accounting for 18.18% of the total effect (3). The hypothesized paths did not differ significantly in multigroup structural equation modeling of different genders among children and adolescents.
Socioeconomic status not only directly influences organized sports participation among children and adolescents but also indirectly influences organized sports participation through parental physical exercise and parental support. This study posits that reducing socioeconomic status disparities in organized sports participation among children and adolescents requires not only a focus on children and adolescents of lower socioeconomic status but also increased parental physical exercise and parental support.
探讨社会经济地位与儿童青少年有组织体育活动参与之间的关系，并揭示父母体育锻炼和父母支持在社会经济地位与参与有组织体育活动之间的中介作用。
通过社会经济地位量表、体育活动评分量表和父母对儿童体育训练支持量表，对上海1512名儿童青少年的父母进行横断面调查。采用结构方程模型检验直接效应和中介效应。
（1）社会经济地位对有组织体育活动参与的直接效应显著（β = 0.184，P < 0.001）。（2）父母支持的简单中介效应显著（β = 0.051；95%CI[0.030，0.079]），占总效应的16.56%。父母体育锻炼和父母支持的链式中介效应显著（β = 0.056，95%CI[0.034，0.084]），占总效应的18.18%。（3）在儿童青少年不同性别的多组结构方程模型中，假设路径无显著差异。
社会经济地位不仅直接影响儿童青少年有组织体育活动的参与，还通过父母体育锻炼和父母支持间接影响有组织体育活动的参与。本研究认为，缩小儿童青少年有组织体育活动参与中的社会经济地位差距，不仅需要关注社会经济地位较低的儿童青少年，还需要增加父母体育锻炼和父母支持。
