Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China.
Eur J Public Health. 2021 Feb 1;31(1):105-111. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa185.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Germany is increasing. High body weight can affect children's growth and development. This paper aimed to determine the association between body mass index (BMI) and visual impairment among preschool children and explore the potential role of obesity in predicting visual developmental disorder.
Six consecutive years of data from the School Entry Examination were collected for all preschool children aged from 4 to 6 years residing in Rhine-Neckar County and the City of Heidelberg, Germany from 2013 to 2018. Univariate and multivariate regression were used to analyze the complete data, multiple imputation was used to deal with missing data.
Among the group with an immigrant background, children with obesity [OR = 1.20, 99% (1.02-1.42)] were more likely to have visual impairment compared to those with normal body weight (P < 0.01) after adjusting for survey year, age, and gender of children, education and occupation of parents, screen time-frequency, whether a television was in their bedroom, and quality of preschool outdoor environment.
There were significant associations between obesity and visual impairment among German preschool children with immigrant backgrounds. Strategies to support vulnerable groups were needed across all regional schools.
德国超重和肥胖的患病率正在上升。体重过高会影响儿童的生长发育。本文旨在确定学龄前儿童的体重指数（BMI）与视力障碍之间的关联，并探讨肥胖在预测视觉发育障碍方面的潜在作用。
从 2013 年至 2018 年，连续 6 年收集了居住在德国莱茵-内卡县和海德堡市的 4 至 6 岁学龄前儿童的入学考试数据。使用单变量和多变量回归分析完整数据，使用多重插补处理缺失数据。
在有移民背景的群体中，与体重正常的儿童相比，肥胖儿童（OR=1.20，99%置信区间为 1.02-1.42）更有可能出现视力障碍（P<0.01），校正儿童的调查年份、年龄和性别、父母的教育和职业、屏幕使用频率、卧室是否有电视以及学前户外环境质量等因素后。
在具有移民背景的德国学龄前儿童中，肥胖与视力障碍之间存在显著关联。需要在所有地区学校中为弱势群体提供支持的策略。
