Fathi Mobina, Vakili Kimia, Deravi Niloofar, Yaghoobpoor Shirin, Ahsan Elahe, Mokhtari Melika, Moshfeghi Maryam, Vaezjalali Maryam
Student's Research committee, School of medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Student research committee, Faculty of dentistry, Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2020;74(2):276-289. doi: 10.32394/pe.74.21.
Around the end of December 2019, a new beta-coronavirus from Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China began to spread rapidly. The new virus, called SARS-CoV-2, which could be transmitted through respiratory droplets, had a range of mild to severe symptoms, from simple cold in some cases to death in others. The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 was named COVID-19 by WHO and has so far killed more people than SARS and MERS. Following the widespread global outbreak of COVID-19, with more than 132758 confirmed cases and 4955 deaths worldwide, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic disease in January 2020. Earlier studies on viral pneumonia epidemics has shown that pregnant women are at greater risk than others. During pregnancy, the pregnant woman is more prone to infectious diseases. Research on both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, which are pathologically similar to SARS-CoV-2, has shown that being infected with these viruses during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal death, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation and, preterm delivery. With the exponential increase in cases of COVID-19 throughout the world, there is a need to understand the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the health of pregnant women, through extrapolation of earlier studies that have been conducted on pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. There is an urgent need to understand the chance of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to fetus and the possibility of the virus crossing the placental barrier. Additionally, since some viral diseases and antiviral drugs may have a negative impact on the mother and fetus, in which case, pregnant women need special attention for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19.
2019年12月底左右，一种来自中国湖北省武汉市的新型β冠状病毒开始迅速传播。这种名为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的新型病毒可通过呼吸道飞沫传播，症状从轻到重不等，有些病例表现为普通感冒，有些则会导致死亡。由SARS-CoV-2引起的疾病被世界卫生组织命名为新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19），迄今为止，其致死人数超过了非典和中东呼吸综合征。随着COVID-19在全球范围内的广泛爆发，全球确诊病例超过132758例，死亡4955例，世界卫生组织于2020年1月宣布COVID-19为大流行病。早期关于病毒性肺炎流行的研究表明，孕妇比其他人面临更大的风险。在孕期，孕妇更容易感染传染病。对与SARS-CoV-2病理相似的SARS-CoV和MERS-CoV的研究表明，孕期感染这些病毒会增加孕产妇死亡、死产、胎儿宫内生长受限和早产的风险。随着全球COVID-19病例呈指数级增长，有必要通过对先前感染SARS-CoV和MERS-CoV的孕妇的研究推断，来了解SARS-CoV-2对孕妇健康的影响。迫切需要了解SARS-CoV-2从母亲垂直传播给胎儿的可能性以及病毒穿过胎盘屏障的可能性。此外，由于一些病毒性疾病和抗病毒药物可能对母亲和胎儿产生负面影响，在这种情况下，孕妇在COVID-19的预防、诊断和治疗方面需要特别关注。
