Department of Radiology, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV 26505.
Department of Neuroradiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2021 Jan;216(1):157-164. doi: 10.2214/AJR.19.22629. Epub 2020 Oct 28.
The purpose of this article is to present a brief review of literature evaluating different imaging modalities with special focus on F-FDG PET/CT in differentiating cerebral toxoplasmosis and primary CNS lymphoma. Differentiating cerebral toxoplasmosis and primary CNS lymphoma is crucial in the care of patients with HIV infection. Delayed diagnosis can lead to considerable morbidity and mortality. The reference standard for diagnosis is biopsy and histopathologic examination. Biopsy has disadvantages due to its invasive nature and associated complications. Noninvasive imaging can be an alternative to biopsy for differentiation of toxoplasmosis and primary CNS lymphoma. Despite advances in MRI techniques, prophylaxis of opportunistic infection, and treatment of HIV infection, clinical situations continue to arise in which the diagnosis is not clear. In these instances, molecular imaging can be helpful.
本文旨在对不同影像学方法进行文献综述，特别关注 18F-FDG PET/CT 在鉴别脑弓形虫病和原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤中的作用。鉴别脑弓形虫病和原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤对于 HIV 感染患者的治疗至关重要。延迟诊断可导致相当大的发病率和死亡率。诊断的金标准是活检和组织病理学检查。活检具有侵袭性和相关并发症，存在一定的缺点。对于鉴别诊断弓形虫病和原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤，非侵入性成像可以替代活检。尽管 MRI 技术、机会性感染预防和 HIV 感染治疗取得了进展，但在某些临床情况下，诊断仍不明确。在这些情况下，分子成像可能会有所帮助。
