Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
BMC Geriatr. 2020 Oct 28;20(1):430. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01834-y.
Disability, which is considered a health-related condition, increases care demands and socioeconomic burdens for both families and communities. To confirm the trend of dynamic longitudinal changes in disability, this study aims to explore how disability is divided by the trajectory method, which deals with time-sequenced data. Additionally, this study examines the differences in demographics, geriatric conditions, and time spent at home among the trajectory groups in community-dwelling older adults. Home time is defined as the period during which the patient was not in a hospital or health care facility during their lifetime.
Records of 786 community-dwelling older participants were analyzed from the Aging Study of PyeongChang Rural Area, a population-based cohort study that took place over three years. Using 7 domains of activities of daily living and 10 domains of instrumental activities of daily living, participants were grouped into no dependency (0 disabled domain), mild (1 disabled domain), and severe (2 or more disabled domains) disability groups. The longitudinal trajectory group of disability was calculated as a trajectory method. Three distinct trajectory groups were calculated over time: a relatively-stable group (78.5%; n = 617), a gradually-aggravated group (16.0%; n = 126), and a rapidly-deteriorated group (5.5%; n = 43).
The average age of 786 participants was 73.3 years (SD: 5.8), and the percentage of female was 52.7%. It was found that 78.5% of patients showed relatively no dependence and 5.5% of older adults in a rural area showed severe dependence. Through applying the trajectory method, it was shown that the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score was 10.2 points in the relatively-stable group and 3.1 points in the rapidly-deteriorating group by the 3rd year. Additionally, by the trajectory method, the rate of decrease in home time was 3.33% in the rapidly-deteriorated group compared to the relatively-stable group.
This study shows the difference in demographics and geriatric conditions (such as SPPB) through the examination of longitudinal trajectory groups of disability in community-dwelling older adults. Significant differences were also found in the amount of home time among the trajectory groups.
残疾被视为一种与健康相关的状况，会增加家庭和社区的护理需求和社会经济负担。为了证实残疾的动态纵向变化趋势，本研究旨在探讨轨迹法如何对涉及时间序列数据的残疾进行划分。此外，本研究还研究了社区居住的老年人中，残疾轨迹组之间在人口统计学、老年病状况和在家时间方面的差异。在家时间是指患者一生中不在医院或医疗机构的时间段。
本研究分析了来自平昌农村地区老龄化研究的 786 名社区居住的老年人的记录，该研究是一项为期三年的基于人群的队列研究。研究人员使用日常生活活动的 7 个领域和日常生活活动的 10 个领域，将参与者分为无依赖（0 个残疾领域）、轻度（1 个残疾领域）和严重（2 个或更多残疾领域）残疾组。残疾的纵向轨迹组是作为轨迹方法计算的。随着时间的推移，计算了三个不同的残疾轨迹组：相对稳定组（78.5%；n=617）、逐渐加重组（16.0%；n=126）和迅速恶化组（5.5%；n=43）。
786 名参与者的平均年龄为 73.3 岁（标准差：5.8），女性比例为 52.7%。结果发现，78.5%的患者表现出相对无依赖性，而农村地区 5.5%的老年人则表现出严重依赖性。通过应用轨迹法，结果表明，在第 3 年时，相对稳定组的短体物理表现电池（SPPB）评分为 10.2 分，而迅速恶化组为 3.1 分。此外，通过轨迹法，迅速恶化组的在家时间减少率比相对稳定组高 3.33%。
本研究通过对社区居住的老年人残疾的纵向轨迹组进行检查，显示了人口统计学和老年病状况（如 SPPB）方面的差异。在轨迹组之间的在家时间方面也发现了显著差异。
