Pattern of Infections and Antibiotic Sensitivity in Diabetic Patients Admitted in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka.

Infections are well recognized cause of morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes. This study was done to observe the pattern of infections and microorganism with sensitivity pattern in patients with diabetes admitted at a specialized referral hospital in Dhaka. This cross-sectional study was carried out in Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation for Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Dhaka from March 2014 to April 2015. It included 309 patients of diabetes (male-169, female-140; age mean±SD- 49.3±14.7 years) admitted in medicine or endocrinology department, who were screened for clinical evidence of infections according to revised McGeer criteria. Culture and sensitivity pattern of responsible microorganisms were sought from clinically appropriate specimen. Among the participants 25.9% (80 out of 309) had evidence of infection. The most common of them were urinary tract infection (53.8%) and respiratory tract infection (30.0%). E. coli and Klebsiella were the most common organisms that were isolated by urine (55.3% and 13.2%) and blood culture (57.1% and 42.9%). Acinetobacter was the most common pathogen in tracheal aspirate (80%) and Klebsiella in sputum (100%). Culture of wound swab exclusively revealed growth of Staphylococcus. E. coli was fairly sensitive to meropenem (100%), amikacin (93.5%) and nitrofurantoin (93.1%), while sensitivity of Klebsiella was almost similar to that of E. coli. Acinetobacter was fully resistant to ceftazidime, nitrofurantoin and meropenem while only modestly sensitive to ciprofloxacin and amikacin (25% and 20% respectively). Pseudomonas was 100% sensitive to ceftazidime, amikacin and meropenem, but 100% resistant to ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin. One in four admitted diabetes patient had evidence of infection, most commonly involving urinary and respiratory tracts. E. coli and Klebsiella both fairly sensitive to common antibiotics, were common isolates from urine and blood culture; whereas Acinetobacter isolated from tracheal aspirates and urine, was only modestly sensitive.