Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China.
Ann Behav Med. 2021 Jun 2;55(6):505-519. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaaa084.
An expanding number of mind-body therapies are being used to reduce the psychological burden of peoples living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the effects on the immune system and mental health varied among studies.
This meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the randomized controlled trials to draw comprehensive conclusions regarding the psycho-immunological efficacy.
Random-effects models were used to assess the outcome of interest. Egger's tests were used to identify publication bias. Subgroup and meta-regression were used to explore potential moderators. This review was registered on the PROSPERO database (CRD42019148118).
Nineteen randomized controlled trials with a total sample size of 1,300 were included in this meta-analysis. Regarding immune system outcome, mind-body therapy significantly improved CD4 T-cell counts (Cohen's d = 0.214, p = .027) and maintained (0.427, p = .049). In addition, baseline CD4 T-cell counts and years since HIV diagnosis significantly moderated the efficacy of mind-body practices on CD4 improvement (all ps < .001). Regarding mental health outcome, mind-body therapy significantly reduced stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms (0.422, p < .001; 0.506, p < .001, and 0.709, p < .001, respectively) while improving quality of life (0.67, p < .001).
Meditation/yoga intervention could result in potential benefits with regard to improved CD4 T-cell counts immediately after the intervention and at long-term follow-up, while also improving their mental health. The cost-effective meditation/yoga intervention should be integrated into routine care for people living with HIV, especially for those with lower CD4 baseline and fewer years since diagnosis.
越来越多的身心疗法被用于减轻人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者的心理负担。然而，这些疗法对免疫系统和心理健康的影响在不同的研究中有所不同。
本荟萃分析旨在总结随机对照试验，以综合评估心理免疫学疗效。
采用随机效应模型评估感兴趣的结局。采用 Egger 检验识别发表偏倚。采用亚组分析和荟萃回归分析探索潜在的调节因素。本综述在 PROSPERO 数据库（CRD42019148118）中注册。
纳入了 19 项随机对照试验，共纳入 1300 名研究对象。在免疫系统结局方面，身心疗法显著改善 CD4 T 细胞计数（Cohen's d = 0.214，p =.027）和维持（0.427，p =.049）。此外，基线 CD4 T 细胞计数和 HIV 诊断后年限显著调节身心实践对 CD4 改善的疗效（均 ps <.001）。在心理健康结局方面，身心疗法显著降低了压力、抑郁和焦虑症状（0.422，p <.001；0.506，p <.001，0.709，p <.001，分别），同时改善了生活质量（0.67，p <.001）。
冥想/瑜伽干预可能对干预后即刻和长期随访时的 CD4 T 细胞计数改善以及心理健康有潜在益处。这种具有成本效益的冥想/瑜伽干预措施应纳入 HIV 感染者的常规护理中，特别是对于那些基线 CD4 较低和诊断后年限较短的患者。
