Xie Caroline, Prasad Asheeta A
School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.
Microorganisms. 2020 Oct 27;8(11):1661. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8111661.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder with motor dysfunction and a number of psychiatric symptoms. Symptoms such as anxiety and cognitive deficits emerge prior to motor symptoms and persist over time. There are limited treatments targeting PD psychiatric symptoms. Emerging studies reveal that the gut microbe is altered in PD patients. Here we assessed the effect of a probiotic treatment in a rat model of PD. We used the neurotoxin (6-hydroxydopamine, 6-OHDA) in a preclinical PD model to examine the impact of a probiotic treatment ( HA-114) on anxiety and memory. Rats underwent either sham surgery or received 6-OHDA bilaterally into the striatum. Three weeks post-surgery, rats were divided into three experimental groups: a sham group that received probiotics, a 6-OHDA group that received probiotics, and the third group of 6-OHDA received the placebo formula. All rats had access to either placebo or probiotics formula for 6 weeks. All groups were assessed for anxiety-like behaviour using the elevated plus maze. Cognition was assessed for both non-hippocampal and hippocampal dependent tasks using the novel object recognition and novel place recognition. We report that the 6-OHDA lesion induced anxiety-like behaviour and deficits in hippocampal dependent cognition. Interestingly, the probiotics treatment had no impact on anxiety-like behaviour but selectively improved hippocampal dependent cognition deficits. Together, the results presented here highlight the utility of animal models in examining the neuropsychiatric symptoms of PD and the potential of probiotics as adjunctive treatment for non-motor symptoms of PD.
帕金森病（PD）是一种伴有运动功能障碍和多种精神症状的神经疾病。焦虑和认知缺陷等症状在运动症状之前出现，并会持续存在。针对帕金森病精神症状的治疗方法有限。新出现的研究表明，帕金森病患者的肠道微生物发生了改变。在此，我们评估了益生菌治疗对帕金森病大鼠模型的影响。我们在临床前帕金森病模型中使用神经毒素（6-羟基多巴胺，6-OHDA）来研究益生菌治疗（HA-114）对焦虑和记忆的影响。大鼠要么接受假手术，要么双侧纹状体内注射6-OHDA。手术后三周，大鼠被分为三个实验组：接受益生菌的假手术组、接受益生菌的6-OHDA组以及接受安慰剂配方的第三组6-OHDA。所有大鼠均可在6周内获取安慰剂或益生菌配方。使用高架十字迷宫评估所有组的焦虑样行为。使用新物体识别和新位置识别对非海马体和海马体依赖性任务的认知进行评估。我们报告称，6-OHDA损伤诱发了焦虑样行为以及海马体依赖性认知缺陷。有趣的是，益生菌治疗对焦虑样行为没有影响，但选择性地改善了海马体依赖性认知缺陷。总之，此处呈现的结果凸显了动物模型在研究帕金森病神经精神症状方面的效用，以及益生菌作为帕金森病非运动症状辅助治疗的潜力。
