Morelli Mara, Cattelino Elena, Baiocco Roberto, Trumello Carmen, Babore Alessandra, Candelori Carla, Chirumbolo Antonio
Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Aosta Valley, Aosta, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2020 Oct 6;11:584645. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.584645. eCollection 2020.
On March 10, 2020, Italy went into lockdown due to the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. The World Health Organization highlighted how the lockdown had negative consequences on psychological well-being, especially for children. The present study aimed to investigate parental correlates of children's emotion regulation during the COVID-19 lockdown. Within the Social Cognitive Theory framework, a path model in which parenting self-efficacy and parental regulatory emotional self-efficacy mediated the relationship between parents' psychological distress and both children's emotional regulation, and children's lability/negativity, was investigated. A total of 277 parents of children aged from 6 to 13 years completed an online survey that assessed their psychological distress, regulatory emotional self-efficacy, and parenting self-efficacy. Parents reported also children's emotional regulation and lability/negativity. A structural equation model (SEM) using MPLUS 8.3 was tested. Results showed that the hypothesized model exhibited excellent fit, chi-square (83) = 140.40, < 0.01, RMSEA = 0.05, CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, SRMR = 0.04. The influences of parents' psychological distress and parents' regulatory emotional self-efficacy on children's emotional regulation and lability/negativity were mediated by parenting self-efficacy. The mediation model was invariant across children's biological sex and age, and geographical residence area (high risk vs. low risk for COVID-19). Results suggested how parents' beliefs to be competent in managing parental tasks might be a protective factor for their children's emotional well-being. Implications for intervention programs are discussed.
2020年3月10日，由于新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）大流行，意大利进入封锁状态。世界卫生组织强调了封锁对心理健康产生的负面影响，尤其是对儿童。本研究旨在调查COVID-19封锁期间儿童情绪调节的父母相关因素。在社会认知理论框架内，研究了一个路径模型，其中养育自我效能感和父母调节情绪自我效能感介导了父母心理困扰与儿童情绪调节以及儿童情绪易变性/消极性之间的关系。共有277名6至13岁儿童的父母完成了一项在线调查，该调查评估了他们的心理困扰、调节情绪自我效能感和养育自我效能感。父母还报告了孩子的情绪调节和情绪易变性/消极性。使用MPLUS 8.3测试了一个结构方程模型（SEM）。结果表明，假设模型显示出良好的拟合度，卡方（83）= 140.40，<0.01，RMSEA = 0.05，CFI = 0.97，TLI = 0.96，SRMR = 0.04。父母心理困扰和父母调节情绪自我效能感对儿童情绪调节和情绪易变性/消极性的影响通过养育自我效能感介导。中介模型在儿童的生物学性别、年龄以及地理居住区域（COVID-19高风险与低风险）方面具有不变性。结果表明，父母认为自己有能力胜任养育任务的信念可能是其子女心理健康的一个保护因素。讨论了对干预项目的启示。
