Chávez Myra N, Moellhoff Nicholas, Schenck Thilo L, Egaña José Tomás, Nickelsen Jörg
Molecular Plant Science, Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 Oct 6;8:577204. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.577204. eCollection 2020.
Without the sustained provision of adequate levels of oxygen by the cardiovascular system, the tissues of higher animals are incapable of maintaining normal metabolic activity, and hence cannot survive. The consequence of this evolutionarily suboptimal design is that humans are dependent on cardiovascular perfusion, and therefore highly susceptible to alterations in its normal function. However, hope may be at hand. "Photosynthetic strategies," based on the recognition that photosynthesis is the source of all oxygen, offer a revolutionary and promising solution to pathologies related to tissue hypoxia. These approaches, which have been under development over the past 20 years, seek to harness photosynthetic microorganisms as a local and controllable source of oxygen to circumvent the need for blood perfusion to sustain tissue survival. To date, their applications extend from the creation of artificial human tissues to the photosynthetic maintenance of oxygen-deprived organs both and , while their potential use in other medical approaches has just begun to be explored. This review provides an overview of the state of the art of photosynthetic technologies and its innovative applications, as well as an expert assessment of the major challenges and how they can be addressed.
如果心血管系统不能持续提供足够水平的氧气，高等动物的组织就无法维持正常的代谢活动，因而无法存活。这种在进化上并非最优的设计所带来的后果是，人类依赖心血管灌注，因此极易受到其正常功能改变的影响。然而，希望或许就在眼前。基于光合作用是所有氧气来源这一认识的“光合策略”，为与组织缺氧相关的病症提供了一种革命性的、有前景的解决方案。这些方法在过去20年中一直在研发，旨在利用光合微生物作为局部且可控的氧气来源，从而无需血液灌注来维持组织存活。迄今为止，它们的应用范围从人造人体组织的创建到对缺氧器官的光合维持，涵盖了体内和体外，而它们在其他医学方法中的潜在用途才刚刚开始被探索。这篇综述概述了光合技术的现状及其创新应用，以及对主要挑战及其应对方法的专家评估。
