Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 May;43(5):741-748. doi: 10.1007/s00276-020-02597-2. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
The tendon of the palmaris longus is commonly used as a tendon graft in many reconstructive surgeries. Palmaris longus absence (PLA) was found in 15% among individuals worldwide. In this prospective study, we aimed to conduct an incidence study in which physical examination methods were confirmed by ultrasonography in PLA, and to evaluate the relationship of absence with age, gender, laterality and dominant hand.
The study included 490 cases. They were initially tested to evaluated by physical examination using the Schaeffer's and Hiz-Ediz test for the assessment of the palmaris longus tendon. Additional ultrasonography was performed to confirm its absence in 129 wrists of 78 cases whose tendons could not be visualized or palpated.
The incidence of tendon absence was 13% by physical examination methods. According to the final results when we added ultrasonography to physical examination methods, the incidence of unilateral, bilateral and overall absence of the palmaris longus were 5%, 9% and 11% respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between individuals with and without PLA in terms of gender, side, age and dominant hand (p = 0.796, p = 0.622, p = 0.397 and p = 0.187, respectively). However, bilateral PLA was statistically significantly higher than unilateral in both genders (p = 0.011).
We think that agenesis should be proven accurately by ultrasonographic examination for the final result before any surgical procedure with palmaris longus tendon. Furthermore measuring the diameter of the palmaris longus tendon by preoperative ultrasonography can be useful for surgeons who plan a procedure that requires specific measurements.
掌长肌腱通常被用作许多重建手术中的肌腱移植物。在全球范围内，有 15%的个体存在掌长肌缺失（PLA）。在这项前瞻性研究中，我们旨在进行一项发病率研究，通过超声检查确认体格检查方法在 PLA 中的准确性，并评估其缺失与年龄、性别、侧别和优势手的关系。
该研究纳入了 490 例病例。最初使用 Schaeffer 试验和 Hiz-Ediz 试验对这些病例进行体格检查，以评估掌长肌腱，无法触诊或触诊到肌腱的 78 例病例的 129 个腕关节进一步行超声检查以确认其缺失。
体格检查方法的肌腱缺失发生率为 13%。根据将超声检查添加到体格检查方法后的最终结果，单侧、双侧和总缺失掌长肌的发生率分别为 5%、9%和 11%。在 PLA 存在与否的个体中，性别、侧别、年龄和优势手之间无统计学差异（p=0.796、p=0.622、p=0.397 和 p=0.187）。然而，在两性中，双侧 PLA 明显高于单侧（p=0.011）。
我们认为，在任何涉及掌长肌腱的手术之前，都应该通过超声检查准确证实掌长肌缺失，以获得最终结果。此外，术前超声检查可以测量掌长肌腱的直径，这对需要特定测量的手术的外科医生非常有用。
