Li Xue-Mei, Mu Ling, Tian Mei, Zheng Li-Rong, Li Yang-Yong
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Nov 8;41(11):4825-4831. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202003011.
In order to investigate the pollution characteristics and sources of elements in PM in the Shanxi University Town in 2017, an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (ED-XRF) was used to analyze 21 kinds of elements in PM samples. A health risk assessment was conducted for Mn, Zn, Cu, Sb, Pb, Cr, Co, and Ni. The main sources of elements were identified by the principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF). The results found that, among the 21 kinds of elements in PM in Shanxi University Town, the mass concentration of Ca was the highest, followed by Si, Fe, Al, S, K, and Cl. These seven elements accounted for 95.71% of the total element concentrations. The concentration of Cr exceeded the annual average concentration limit of ambient air quality standards in China by 104 times. The concentration of Ca in PM was the highest in spring, summer, and winter, while in autumn the concentration of S was the highest. Mn was the element that had non-carcinogenic risks to the three population types, and the level of risks were in the order of children > adult men > adult women. Cr and Co had tolerable carcinogenic risks, and the risk levels were in the order of adult men > adult women > children. The main sources of elements in PM in Shanxi University Town in 2017 were natural mineral dust, urban dust, coal combustion, and traffic.
为研究2017年山西大学城PM中元素的污染特征及来源，采用能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪（ED-XRF）分析了PM样品中的21种元素。对Mn、Zn、Cu、Sb、Pb、Cr、Co和Ni进行了健康风险评估。通过主成分分析（PCA）和正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）确定了元素的主要来源。结果发现，山西大学城PM中的21种元素中，Ca的质量浓度最高，其次是Si、Fe、Al、S、K和Cl。这七种元素占元素总浓度的95.71%。Cr的浓度超过中国环境空气质量标准年平均浓度限值104倍。PM中Ca的浓度在春、夏、冬三季最高，而秋季S的浓度最高。Mn是对三种人群类型均具有非致癌风险的元素，风险水平顺序为儿童>成年男性>成年女性。Cr和Co具有可耐受的致癌风险，风险水平顺序为成年男性>成年女性>儿童。2017年山西大学城PM中元素的主要来源是天然矿物粉尘、城市扬尘、煤炭燃烧和交通。
