Wang Rui, Deng Hai, Yan Ming-Shu, He Zhong-Xiang, Zhou Jiao, Liang Shao-Biao, Zeng Qin-Qin
Southeast Sichuan Geological Group, Chongqing Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration, Chongqing 400038, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Land Quality Geological Survey, Chongqing 400038, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Oct 8;41(10):4749-4756. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202003175.
To investigate the impact of mining activities and geological background on the soil environment, 156 soil samples were collected from an agricultural land in southern Youyang County, Chongqing. The content and pH of heavy metals in the soil were analyzed, and the Nemerow index method was used to evaluate the pollution status of soil heavy metals. The source of soil heavy metals was discussed using the principal component analysis/absolute principal component score (PCA/APCS) receptor model. The results showed that the soil Cd pollution was distributed in a planar shape, while soil Hg mainly appeared as point pollution. The medium-severe soil pollution was mainly distributed at the junction of Tushi Town, Mawang Town, and Longtan Town, where the soil was predominantly acidic and there was a higher risk of crop contamination; the indicator Kriging evaluation results showed that there was a higher probability of soil contamination at the junction of the three towns and the northern part of Tushi Township. The results of the PCA/APCS receptor model analysis showed that the sources of soil As, Cd, Cr, and Ni were mainly controlled by geological background; soil Hg, Pb, and Zn were mainly controlled by mining activities; further, soil Cu was affected by both geological background and mining activities. In addition, the agricultural activities were also one of the sources of soil As, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn. The medium-heavy pollution of the soil in the study area was mainly caused by mining activities, while the heavy metal pollution of the soil caused by geological background was mainly light pollution. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the safe use of land and the prevention and control of soil pollution in typical regions.
为探究采矿活动和地质背景对土壤环境的影响，从重庆市酉阳土家族苗族自治县南部的一块农田采集了156份土壤样本。分析了土壤中重金属的含量和pH值，并采用内梅罗指数法评价土壤重金属污染状况。利用主成分分析/绝对主成分得分（PCA/APCS）受体模型探讨了土壤重金属的来源。结果表明，土壤镉污染呈面状分布，而土壤汞主要呈点状污染。中重度土壤污染主要分布在涂市乡、马王镇和龙潭镇的交界处，这里土壤以酸性为主，农作物受污染风险较高；指示克里格评价结果表明，这三个镇的交界处和涂市乡北部土壤污染概率较高。PCA/APCS受体模型分析结果表明，土壤砷、镉、铬和镍的来源主要受地质背景控制；土壤汞、铅和锌主要受采矿活动控制；此外，土壤铜受地质背景和采矿活动的共同影响。另外，农业活动也是土壤砷、镉、铅、铜和锌的来源之一。研究区土壤的中重度污染主要由采矿活动造成，而地质背景造成的土壤重金属污染主要为轻度污染。本研究可为典型区域土地的安全利用和土壤污染防治提供理论依据。
