Ministry of Education, Universities and Research, Rome, Italy.
Department of Sports, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Goiabeiras, Brazil.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 Sep;60(9):1254-1260. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.10963-0.
The purpose of this study was to determine possible relationships between anthropometric characteristics and functional capacities in young football (soccer) players.
Anthropometric characteristics, estimated peak height velocity (PHV), muscular endurance (sit-up), lower-limb power (countermovement jump, CMJ), sprint time over 5 and 15 m (T5 and T15), agility (Arrowhead agility test), repeated sprint ability (RSA), intermittent recovery capacity (Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test, Yo-Yo IR1) and technical skills (short dribbling tests) were assessed in a group of U17 players (N.=47) competing at regional level. Magnitude-based inferences were used for analyses.
Players with later PHV had greater muscle endurance (r [90% CIs] =0.41 [0.18; 0.59]) and CMJ (r=0.47 [0.25; 0.64]). Body mass, height and percentage of fat mass were positively associated to T5 and T15 (r=0.24-0.47). CMJ was moderately associated with agility, T5, T15 and Yo-Yo IR1 performance (r=-0.42 [-0.60; -0.19], -0.57 [-0.71; -0.38], 0.35[0.11; 0.54], respectively). Quickest players over 15 m were also the most agile and the most capable to perform intermittent recovery exercise (r=0.30-0.36). No significant correlations were found for RSA and other variables.
Body size is likely detrimental for power-related capacities (tallest and heaviest players reported the lowest sprint performance). Notwithstanding, sprint and jump were related to greater intermittent recovery performance. However, caution should be taken when generalizing our findings, given our reduced sample size. In addition, our observed correlations were of small-to-moderate magnitude, and therefore, future research should explore further determinants of functional capacities in these age-group players.
本研究旨在确定青少年足球运动员的人体测量特征与功能能力之间可能存在的关系。
对一组参加地区级比赛的 U17 球员（n=47）的人体测量特征、预估峰值身高速度（PHV）、肌肉耐力（仰卧起坐）、下肢力量（纵跳，CMJ）、5 米和 15 米冲刺时间（T5 和 T15）、敏捷性（箭头敏捷测试）、重复冲刺能力（RSA）、间歇恢复能力（Yo-Yo 间歇恢复测试，Yo-Yo IR1）和技术技能（短距离运球测试）进行了评估。采用基于幅度的推断进行分析。
PHV 出现较晚的球员肌肉耐力更好（r [90%置信区间] =0.41 [0.18; 0.59]）和 CMJ 更高（r=0.47 [0.25; 0.64]）。体重、身高和体脂百分比与 T5 和 T15 呈正相关（r=0.24-0.47）。CMJ 与敏捷性、T5、T15 和 Yo-Yo IR1 表现中度相关（r=-0.42 [-0.60; -0.19]，-0.57 [-0.71; -0.38]，0.35[0.11; 0.54]）。15 米冲刺最快的球员也是最敏捷和最有能力进行间歇恢复运动的球员（r=0.30-0.36）。RSA 和其他变量之间没有显著相关性。
体型可能不利于与力量相关的能力（最高和最重的球员报告的冲刺速度最慢）。尽管如此，冲刺和跳跃与更大的间歇恢复表现有关。然而，鉴于我们的样本量较小，在推广我们的研究结果时应谨慎行事。此外，我们观察到的相关性幅度较小，因此，未来的研究应该进一步探索这些年龄组球员功能能力的其他决定因素。
