Icon Cancer Centre, Wesley and South Brisbane, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
J Immunother Cancer. 2020 Oct;8(2). doi: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001383.
Cancer immunotherapy with checkpoint blockade has become standard of care treatment for numerous cancer types. Despite this, robust predictive biomarkers are lacking. There is increasing evidence that the host microbiome is a predictor of immunotherapy response, although the optimal host microbiome has not been defined. Metabolomics is a new area of medicine that aims to analyze the metabolic profile of a biological system. The microbiome-derived metabolome (fecal and serum) represents the end products of microbial metabolism and these may be functionally more important than the distinct bacterial species that comprise a favorable microbiome. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are metabolites produced by gut microbiota and have a role in T cell homeostasis, including differentiation of regulatory T cells. Recent studies have confirmed differential expression of SCFA for immunotherapy responders compared with non-responders. We propose that the microbiome metabolome, with a focus on SCFA may be a novel predictive biomarker for immunotherapy efficacy.
癌症免疫疗法中的检查点阻断已成为多种癌症类型的标准治疗方法。尽管如此，仍然缺乏强大的预测性生物标志物。越来越多的证据表明，宿主微生物组是免疫治疗反应的预测因子，尽管尚未确定最佳的宿主微生物组。代谢组学是医学的一个新领域，旨在分析生物系统的代谢特征。微生物组衍生的代谢组（粪便和血清）代表了微生物代谢的终产物，这些产物在功能上可能比构成有利微生物组的独特细菌种类更为重要。短链脂肪酸（SCFA）是肠道微生物群产生的代谢物，在 T 细胞稳态中发挥作用，包括调节性 T 细胞的分化。最近的研究证实，与非应答者相比，免疫治疗应答者的 SCFA 表达存在差异。我们提出，微生物组代谢组，特别是 SCFA 可能是免疫治疗疗效的一种新的预测性生物标志物。
