Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy.
Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 30;10(1):18759. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-75990-x.
Plasmopara viticola is one of the most important pathogens infecting Vitis vinifera plants. The interactions among P. viticola and both susceptible and resistant grapevine plants have been extensively characterised, at transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic levels. However, the involvement of plants ionome in the response against the pathogen has been completely neglected so far. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the possible role of leaf ionomic modulation during compatible and incompatible interactions between P. viticola and grapevine plants. In susceptible cultivars, a dramatic redistribution of mineral elements has been observed, thus uncovering a possible role for mineral nutrients in the response against pathogens. On the contrary, the resistant cultivars did not present substantial rearrangement of mineral elements at leaf level, except for manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). This might demonstrate that, resistant cultivars, albeit expressing the resistance gene, still exploit a pathogen response mechanism based on the local increase in the concentration of microelements, which are involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, these data also highlight the link between the mineral nutrition and plants' response to pathogens, further stressing that appropriate fertilization strategies can be fundamental for the expression of response mechanisms against pathogens.
葡萄钩丝壳菌是侵染葡萄属植物的重要病原菌之一。在转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学水平上，已经广泛研究了 P. viticola 与易感和抗性葡萄植株之间的相互作用。然而，迄今为止，植物离子组在对病原体的反应中的作用完全被忽视了。因此，本研究旨在探讨在葡萄钩丝壳菌与葡萄植株之间的亲和和非亲和相互作用过程中，叶片离子组调节的可能作用。在易感品种中，观察到矿物质元素的剧烈重新分配，从而揭示了矿物质营养在抵御病原体中的可能作用。相反，抗性品种在叶片水平上没有表现出大量的矿物质元素重新排列，除了锰（Mn）和铁（Fe）。这可能表明，抗性品种尽管表达了抗性基因，但仍利用基于局部增加微量元素浓度的病原体反应机制，这些微量元素参与次生代谢物和活性氧的合成。此外，这些数据还强调了矿物质营养与植物对病原体反应之间的联系，进一步强调了适当的施肥策略对于表达对病原体的反应机制至关重要。
