Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Asociación Bienestar y Desarrollo, Barcelona, Spain.
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Health Inequalities Research Group, Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (GREDS-EMCONET), Department of Political and Social Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Johns Hopkins University, Pompeu Fabra University Public Policy Center, Barcelona, Spain.
Gac Sanit. 2021 Sep-Oct;35(5):438-444. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.07.007. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
To describe and compare the health status between vulnerable population participating in a program to tackle energy poverty (Energía, la justa) and the non-energy poor Barcelona (Spain) population and to analyse among participants the effect of energy poverty intensity on health.
Cross-sectional study based on data from program participants obtained before the intervention. Participants (1799 women and 671 men) were compared to non-energy poor population of Barcelona (1393 women and 1215 men) sampled from the Barcelona Public Health Survey (2016). Standardized prevalence and prevalence ratios of self-perceived poor health, asthma, chronic bronchitis, and depression and/or anxiety were estimated, and among participants the association between health status and energy poverty intensity was estimated with multivariate models.
The probability of poor self-perceived physical and mental health ranged from 2.2 to 5.3 times greater in the program participants than non-energy poor Barcelona population. Among program participants, those most affected were found to be the most likely to report poor health outcomes, regardless of other sociodemographic factors.
The prevalence of poor physical and mental health was considerably higher among women and men participating in the programme compared to the non-energy poor population and was even worse among those who were more severely affected. Public policies that tackle energy poverty and its consequences are urgently needed in Spain.
描述和比较参与解决能源贫困计划（Energía，la justa）的弱势群体与非能源贫困的巴塞罗那（西班牙）人群的健康状况，并分析能源贫困强度对参与者健康的影响。
基于干预前从项目参与者那里获得的数据，进行了一项横断面研究。将参与者（1799 名女性和 671 名男性）与从巴塞罗那公共卫生调查（2016 年）中抽取的非能源贫困巴塞罗那人群（1393 名女性和 1215 名男性）进行比较。估计了自我感知健康状况不佳、哮喘、慢性支气管炎和抑郁和/或焦虑的标准化患病率和患病率比，并使用多变量模型估计了参与者健康状况与能源贫困强度之间的关联。
与非能源贫困的巴塞罗那人群相比，该计划参与者的自我感知身心健康不良的概率高 2.2 至 5.3 倍。在计划参与者中，发现受影响最大的人最有可能报告健康状况不佳，而不论其他社会人口因素如何。
与非能源贫困人群相比，参与该计划的女性和男性的身心健康不良的患病率明显更高，而那些受影响更严重的人则更糟糕。西班牙迫切需要制定解决能源贫困及其后果的公共政策。
