Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.
Medicina General-Universidad Surcolombiana, Medico Investigador Concejo Latinoamericano de Neurointensivismo-CLaNi, Clinica Sahagún IPS SA Columbia, Cartegena, Columbia.
World Neurosurg. 2021 Feb;146:197-204. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.10.130. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
Music therapy has promising results in improving rehabilitation outcomes of patients with various neurologic disorders; however, its effectiveness in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not clear.
A search that compared the effect of music therapy as rehabilitation to controls in motor and cognitive outcomes in patients with TBI was carried out. The outcome of interest were gait velocity, stride length, and cadence to determine the motor outcome. Memory and executive function were the main cognitive outcome measures assessed. Two authors independently abstracted data using a data collection form. Results from the studies were then pooled when appropriate for the meta-analysis.
Of 102 studies, 6 studies were identified for systematic review and meta-analysis after inclusion and exclusion criteria. The effect of music therapy had a pooled mean difference in improvement in gait velocity by 12.29 cm/second (95% confidence interval 2.31-22.27;), cadence by 7.19 steps/minute (95% confidence interval -25.35 to 39.73;), and stride length by 0.19 meters (95% confidence interval 0.13-0.12;). No serious side effects were noticed, however, one of the studies reported a decrease in memory function after music therapy.
Pooled results from 6 studies demonstrated statistically significant improvement in the stride length and executive function outcome in patients with TBI after music therapy rehabilitation. The improvement effect on cadence and gait velocity was not statistically significant and no significant effect of music therapy was found on memory in these patients.
音乐疗法在改善各种神经障碍患者的康复效果方面具有广阔的前景，但在创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者中的有效性尚不清楚。
我们进行了一项搜索，比较了音乐治疗作为康复手段对 TBI 患者的运动和认知结果（包括步态速度、步幅和步频）的影响。记忆和执行功能是评估的主要认知结果测量指标。两位作者使用数据收集表独立提取数据。然后，当适合进行荟萃分析时，将研究结果汇总。
在 102 项研究中，经过纳入和排除标准后，有 6 项研究被确定用于系统评价和荟萃分析。音乐治疗的效果具有统计学意义，可使步态速度平均提高 12.29 厘米/秒（95%置信区间 2.31-22.27）、步频提高 7.19 步/分钟（95%置信区间-25.35 至 39.73）、步幅提高 0.19 米（95%置信区间 0.13-0.12）。没有观察到严重的副作用，但其中一项研究报告称，音乐治疗后患者的记忆功能下降。
6 项研究的汇总结果表明，TBI 患者在接受音乐治疗康复后，在步幅和执行功能方面有统计学意义的改善。在步频和步态速度方面的改善效果没有统计学意义，而且音乐治疗对这些患者的记忆没有显著影响。
