Davidson Cameron J, Hannigan John H, Bowen Scott E
Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute for Child & Family Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2021 Jan;81:103518. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103518. Epub 2020 Oct 24.
Combined environmental exposures to the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene (BTEX) pose clear risks to public health. Research into these risks is under-studied even as BTEX levels in the atmosphere are predicted to rise. This review focuses on the available literature using single- and combined-BTEX component inhaled solvent exposures in animal models, necessarily also drawing on findings from models of inhalant abuse and occupational exposures. Health effects of these exposures are discussed for multiple organ systems, but with particular attention on neurobehavioral outcomes such as locomotor activity, impulsivity, learning, and psychopharmacological responses. It is clear that animal models have significant differences in the concentrations, durations and patterns of exposure. Experimental evidence of the deleterious health and neurobehavioral consequences of exposures to the individual components of BTEX were found, but these effects were typically assessed using concentrations and exposure patterns not characteristic of environmental exposure. Future studies with animal models designed appropriately to explore combined BTEX will be necessary and advantageous to discovering health outcomes and more subtle neurobehavioral impacts of long-term environmental exposures.
挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯（BTEX）的综合环境暴露对公众健康构成明显风险。尽管预计大气中的BTEX水平会上升，但对这些风险的研究仍不充分。本综述聚焦于动物模型中使用单一和混合BTEX成分吸入溶剂暴露的现有文献，必然也借鉴了吸入性药物滥用和职业暴露模型的研究结果。本文讨论了这些暴露对多个器官系统的健康影响，但特别关注神经行为结果，如运动活动、冲动性、学习和精神药理学反应。显然，动物模型在暴露浓度、持续时间和模式方面存在显著差异。已发现BTEX各成分暴露对健康和神经行为产生有害影响的实验证据，但这些影响通常是使用不符合环境暴露特征的浓度和暴露模式进行评估的。未来有必要设计合适的动物模型进行研究，以探索混合BTEX暴露，这将有助于发现长期环境暴露的健康后果和更细微的神经行为影响。
