Hoshiyama Takayuki, Wada Tatsuhiko, Nihonyanagi Shin, Kameda Ryo, Yamaoka-Tojo Minako, Fukuda Michinari, Ako Jyunya, Yamaoka Kunihiro, Takayama Yoko
Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Kitasato University Hospital, Japan.
Department of Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan.
Intern Med. 2020 Dec 15;59(24):3135-3140. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.5601-20. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
Objective To describe the clinical features and clinical course of individuals diagnosed with asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or mild coronavirus disease (COVID)-19. Patients The study participants consisted of 7 crewmembers of the passenger cruise-liner, Diamond Princess, who were admitted to our hospital after becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 aboard the ship. Methods The data on patient background and biochemical test results were obtained from the patients' medical records. All patients had a chest X-ray, and a throat swab and sputum samples were sent for culture on admission. Results The median age of the 7 patients, of whom 4 were male and 3 were female, was 39 years (range: 23-47 years). On admission, none of them had fever, but 4 (57%) had a cough. None of them showed any signs of organ damage on laboratory testing. Chest X-ray showed pneumonia in one individual, which resolved spontaneously, while the other 6 had normal chest X-ray findings. Culture of throat swabs and sputum samples revealed that 4 patients (57%) had bacterial upper respiratory infections (Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus). The period from a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test to negative conversion ranged from 5 to 13 days, with a median of 8 days. Conclusion Healthy young adults without risk factors who acquire SARS-CoV-2 infection may have an asymptomatic infection or may experience mild COVID-19. In addition to obesity, an older age, underlying illness, and being overweight can lead to a risk of exacerbation; thus, hospital management for such individuals may be desirable. Culturing respiratory samples may be useful for diagnosing secondary bacterial pneumonia.
目的 描述被诊断为无症状严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)感染或轻度冠状病毒病(COVID)-19的个体的临床特征和临床病程。
患者 研究参与者包括“钻石公主”号邮轮上的7名船员,他们在船上感染SARS-CoV-2后被收治入我院。
方法 从患者病历中获取患者背景和生化检测结果的数据。所有患者均进行了胸部X线检查,并在入院时采集咽拭子和痰液样本进行培养。
结果 7名患者中,4名男性,3名女性,中位年龄为39岁(范围:23 - 47岁)。入院时,他们均无发热,但4例(57%)有咳嗽。实验室检查均未显示任何器官损伤迹象。胸部X线检查显示1例患者有肺炎,后自行缓解,其他6例胸部X线检查结果正常。咽拭子和痰液样本培养显示,4例患者(57%)有细菌性上呼吸道感染(流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和金黄色葡萄球菌)。从聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测阳性到转阴的时间为5至13天,中位时间为8天。
结论 无危险因素的健康年轻成年人感染SARS-CoV-2后可能无症状感染或经历轻度COVID-19。除肥胖外,年龄较大、有基础疾病和超重会导致病情加重的风险;因此,对此类个体进行医院管理可能是可取的。培养呼吸道样本可能有助于诊断继发性细菌性肺炎。