Nishimura Yusuke, Hara Masahito, Natsume Atsushi, Wakabayashi Toshihiko, Ginsberg Howard J
Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Nagoya J Med Sci. 2020 Aug;82(3):567-577. doi: 10.18999/nagjms.82.3.567.
Dermal sinus tracts (DSTs) of the cervical and thoracic spine are extremely rare, particularly in adult patients because diagnosis is typically made in the early stage after birth by pediatricians. These cases should be treated surgically as soon as possible to prevent neurological sequelae. This report describes two rare adult cases with cervical and thoracic spine DSTs. The first patient presented with back pain and headache, whose skin lesion had been long known, but disregarded since birth. The second patient had long suffered from residual cervical myelopathy from the prior incomplete surgical treatment. Both cases had these sinus tracts excised completely and had spinal cord untethered successfully without any neurological deterioration. There has been a trend toward earlier diagnosis of these entities, but still some cases that were diagnosed in a delayed fashion or underwent incomplete treatment are reported. Improper management during childhood could lead to irreversible neurological deficit caused by spinal cord tethering and/or direct compression due to DSTs-associated tumors. The early detection and prompt surgical intervention improve the chance of a good surgical outcome. Furthermore, complete excision of the sinus tracts and associated tumors could help prevent future bacterial contamination and recurrence.
颈椎和胸椎的皮样窦道(DSTs)极为罕见,在成年患者中尤其如此,因为通常由儿科医生在出生后早期做出诊断。这些病例应尽快接受手术治疗,以预防神经后遗症。本报告描述了两例罕见的成年颈椎和胸椎DSTs病例。首例患者表现为背痛和头痛,其皮肤病变自出生以来就一直存在,但一直被忽视。第二例患者长期患有先前不完全手术治疗遗留的颈髓病。两例均将这些窦道完全切除,并成功解除脊髓栓系,未出现任何神经功能恶化。目前对于这些病变有早期诊断的趋势,但仍有一些病例报告诊断延迟或治疗不彻底。儿童期管理不当可能导致因脊髓栓系和/或DSTs相关肿瘤直接压迫而造成不可逆转的神经功能缺损。早期发现并及时进行手术干预可提高获得良好手术效果的机会。此外,彻底切除窦道及相关肿瘤有助于预防未来的细菌污染和复发。