Rabbani Cyrus C, Kao Richard, Shin Timothy J, Burgeson Jack E, Ting Jonathan Y, Sim Michael W, Shipchandler Taha Z
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA.
Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA.
Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2020 Sep 22;5(5):846-852. doi: 10.1002/lio2.457. eCollection 2020 Oct.
To evaluate the association of weather, seasons, months and holidays on the frequency and pattern of pediatric facial fractures.
Retrospective review of pediatric patients treated for facial fractures at two Level I trauma centers in a midsize Midwestern US city over a 5-year period. Patients were included only if presentation was within 3 hours of inciting trauma, transfers from other facilities were excluded. Demographic characteristics, fracture patterns, operative interventions, weather data, and local public school schedules were acquired and associations were analyzed with unpaired tests, χ, multivariate and binomial regression model analyses.
Two hundred and sixty patients were included. The average age (SD) was 11.8 (5.0) years, with 173 males and 87 females. The highest distribution of presentations occurred in the summer season (35.0%), on weekends and holidays (58.1%), and when the weather was described as clear (48.5%). The most common mechanisms of injury were motor vehicle collisions (25.8%), followed by sports-(21.5%) and assault-(16.5%) related injuries. Mechanisms were significantly associated with certain fracture patterns. Older age was associated with fewer orbital fractures ( < .01). Seventy-five patients (28.8%) required operative intervention. Age was found to impact the likelihood of operative intervention (Exp() = 1.081, = .03) while weather, temperature, and mechanism did not.
Pediatric facial fractures are linked to warmer weather with clear skies and warmer season. Age predicts some fracture patterns and need for operative intervention. These results can be used to inform public health interventions, policymaking, and trauma staffing.Level of Evidence: Level 2b (retrospective cohort).
评估天气、季节、月份和节假日与小儿面部骨折的发生频率及模式之间的关联。
回顾性分析美国中西部一个中等规模城市的两家一级创伤中心在5年期间治疗的小儿面部骨折患者。仅纳入受伤后3小时内就诊的患者，排除患者，排除从其他医疗机构转来的患者。收集人口统计学特征、骨折模式、手术干预、天气数据和当地公立学校日程安排，并通过非配对检验、χ检验、多变量和二项式回归模型分析来分析关联。
共纳入260例患者。平均年龄（标准差）为11.8（5.0）岁，其中男性173例，女性87例。就诊分布最高的季节是夏季（35.0%），周末和节假日（58.1%），以及天气晴朗时（48.5%）。最常见的受伤机制是机动车碰撞（25.8%），其次是与运动相关（21.5%）和袭击相关（16.5%）的损伤。受伤机制与某些骨折模式显著相关。年龄较大与眼眶骨折较少相关（P<0.01）。75例患者（28.8%）需要手术干预。发现年龄会影响手术干预的可能性（Exp(B)=1.081，P=0.03），而天气、温度和受伤机制则不会。
小儿面部骨折与天气晴朗、温暖的季节有关。年龄可预测某些骨折模式及手术干预需求。这些结果可用于为公共卫生干预、政策制定和创伤人员配备提供参考。证据级别：2b级（回顾性队列研究）。
