Bonilla Cecilia Monge, McGrath Nicole A, Fu Jianyang, Xie Changqing
Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Hepatoma Res. 2020;6. doi: 10.20517/2394-5079.2020.58. Epub 2020 Oct 12.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has one of highest mortalities globally amongst cancers, but has limited therapeutic options once in the advanced stage. Hepatitis B or C virus infection are the most common drivers for HCC carcinogenesis, triggering chronic liver inflammation and adding to the complexity of the immune microecosystem of HCC. The emergence of immunotherapy has afforded a new avenue of therapeutic options for patients with advanced HCC with a history of hepatitis B or C virus infection. This article reviews the change of immunity elicited by hepatitis B or C virus infection, the immune feature of HCC, and the clinical evidence for immunotherapy in advanced HCC and discusses future directions in this field.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球死亡率最高的癌症之一，一旦进入晚期，治疗选择有限。乙型或丙型肝炎病毒感染是HCC致癌最常见的驱动因素，引发慢性肝脏炎症，并增加了HCC免疫微生态系统的复杂性。免疫疗法的出现为有乙型或丙型肝炎病毒感染史的晚期HCC患者提供了新的治疗选择途径。本文综述了乙型或丙型肝炎病毒感染引起的免疫变化、HCC的免疫特征以及晚期HCC免疫治疗的临床证据，并讨论了该领域的未来方向。
