Applied Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, P.M.B 1530, Malete, Nigeria.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2021 Apr;21(4):272-285. doi: 10.1007/s12012-020-09618-x. Epub 2020 Nov 1.
Chronic mixed toxicant exposure has been implicated in the aetiology of lung and heart failure through prolonged free radical generations. This study was carried out to assess the protective effect of naturally occurring phenolic components from Croton zambesicus (400 mg/kg C-ZAMB) leaves against cardiopulmonary toxicity induced by chronic mixed toxicant (0.5 mL EOMABRSL) in rats. Chronic cardiopulmonary injury via oral administration of 0.5 ml EOMABRSL for 98 days (non-withdrawal) and 70 days (withdrawal) caused unhealthy alteration in the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers [malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase]. Similarly, both withdrawal and non-withdrawal approaches of EOMABRSL-exposed animals exhibited increase in the activity of eco-5-nucleotidase (5ENT) with corresponding diminution in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), i.e. the metabolic fuel for cardiopulmonary wellness. Ultimately, histology examination confirmed hyperplastic, bronchopneumonia and cloudy swelling of cardiovascular cells followed by the accumulation of cellular exudates and haemorrhage in the alveoli and bronchioles. The active antioxidants of 400 mg/kg C-ZAMB leaves were responsible for the biological protection of cardiopulmonary toxicity by modulating the activities of 5ENT and LDH. The oxidative stress was also reversed by 400 mg/kg phenolic C-ZAMB leaves in the heart and lungs. Hence, 400 mg/kg phenolic C-ZAMB leaves may be a natural therapy for the treatment of cardiovascular disorder associated with pulmonary dysfunction in rats.
慢性混合毒物暴露通过自由基的长期产生而被认为与肺和心力衰竭的病因有关。本研究旨在评估来自 Zambesia 巴豆（Croton zambesicus）（400mg/kg C-ZAMB）叶中的天然存在的酚类成分对慢性混合毒物（0.5mL EOMABRSL）诱导的大鼠心肺毒性的保护作用。通过口服 0.5ml EOMABRSL 98 天（不撤药）和 70 天（撤药）引起慢性心肺损伤，导致氧化应激生物标志物[丙二醛（MDA）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶]水平的不健康变化。同样，EOMABRSL 暴露动物的撤药和不撤药方法都表现出 eco-5-核苷酸酶（5ENT）活性的增加，同时乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性降低，即心肺健康的代谢燃料。最终，组织学检查证实了心脏和肺部的细胞增生、支气管肺炎和云雾状肿胀，随后在肺泡和细支气管中积累了细胞渗出物和出血。400mg/kg C-ZAMB 叶中的活性抗氧化剂通过调节 5ENT 和 LDH 的活性，对心肺毒性起到了生物保护作用。400mg/kg 酚类 C-ZAMB 叶还可逆转心脏和肺部的氧化应激。因此，400mg/kg 酚类 C-ZAMB 叶可能是治疗与大鼠肺功能障碍相关的心血管疾病的天然疗法。
