Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Dec;139:110473. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110473. Epub 2020 Oct 28.
Aim of this review is to evaluate the relation between reflux (either laryngopharyngeal or gastroesophageal) and dysphonia in children.
PubMed, Scopus, Embase.
A literature search was conducted over a period from January 1990 to March 2020. The following search words were used either individually or in combination: voice disorders, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and gastroesophageal reflux. The search was conducted over a period of a month: April 2020.
Five clinical research were selected based on our objectives and selection criteria. Four studies were of level III evidence. Altogether, a total of 606 patients were pooled with male predominance of 63%. In all studies, reflux was suggested to have strong relation with dysphonia. Majority of cases used 24-h pH monitoring to confirm reflux which yielded positive results in 69%. The top three most common endoscopic findings include: interarytenoid erythema and edema (32/38), vocal cord erythema and edema (160/231) and postglottic edema (141/337). Vocal cord nodules were found in 28% of our patients. Acoustic analysis and perceptual assessment of voice was performed in only 1 study. No complication from any procedure was mentioned in any of the studies. Outcome of treatment was mentioned in 1 study, whereby after 4.5 months of follow-up, 68% of children showed improvement in symptoms.
Current evidence shows that there is strong relation between reflux and dysphonia in children. Most common laryngoscopic findings suggestive of reflux includes interarytenoid erythema and edema, vocal cord erythema and edema and postglottic edema.
本综述旨在评估反流（无论是喉咽反流还是胃食管反流）与儿童声音障碍之间的关系。
PubMed、Scopus、Embase。
从 1990 年 1 月至 2020 年 3 月期间进行了文献检索。使用了以下搜索词单独或组合使用：声音障碍、喉咽反流和胃食管反流。搜索在 2020 年 4 月进行了一个月。
根据我们的目标和选择标准，选择了 5 项临床研究。其中 4 项研究为 III 级证据。共有 606 例患者纳入研究，其中男性占 63%。在所有研究中，反流被认为与声音障碍密切相关。大多数病例使用 24 小时 pH 监测来证实反流，其中 69%的结果为阳性。最常见的三种内镜发现包括：杓间区红斑和水肿（32/38）、声带红斑和水肿（160/231）和杓会厌皱襞水肿（141/337）。我们的患者中有 28%发现声带小结。仅有 1 项研究进行了声学分析和声音感知评估。在任何研究中均未提及任何操作的并发症。在 1 项研究中提到了治疗效果，即经过 4.5 个月的随访，68%的儿童症状得到改善。
目前的证据表明，反流与儿童声音障碍之间存在密切关系。最常见的提示反流的喉镜发现包括杓间区红斑和水肿、声带红斑和水肿以及杓会厌皱襞水肿。
