College of International Studies, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2020 Oct;148(4):1961. doi: 10.1121/10.0002111.
As existing descriptions are likely too narrow to reflect a broader range of articulatory variability in Mandarin production, this study is undertaken to explore qualitative and quantitative tongue shape analysis in Mandarin sibilants. Tongue movement data are collected from 18 adult Mandarin speakers producing six sibilants in three vowel contexts. Acoustic information is also analyzed to establish the articulatory-acoustic correspondence. In addition to the common retroflex and bunched shapes, the results discovered a humped shape (e.g., a single, posterior lingual constriction) in most of Mandarin retroflex tokens. This shape is one variant of North American English /r/, but yet identified in Mandarin production. The humped shape adds to the literature and expands existing descriptions of Mandarin retroflex tongue configurations. Despite the shape differences, the general many-to-one articulatory-acoustic mappings also holds true for Mandarin retroflexes. However, while curvature analyses based on Cartesian coordinates significantly differentiated contrastive shapes in retroflex production, these analyses were not equally reliable in separating the alveolar-retroflex distinction, likely due to individual differences. The tongue contour changes in the place contrast were instead quantified by calculations with polar coordinates. The preliminary findings on Mandarin retroflexes are discussed in terms of vocal tract morphology, with possible lip protrusion.
由于现有的描述可能过于狭隘，无法反映普通话生产中更广泛的发音变化，因此本研究旨在探索普通话咝音的定性和定量舌形分析。从 18 位成年普通话使用者在三个元音环境中发出六个咝音中收集舌部运动数据。还分析了声学信息以建立发音-声学对应关系。除了常见的卷舌和束状形状外，结果在大多数普通话卷舌音中发现了驼峰形状（例如，单一的、后部舌部收缩）。这种形状是北美英语/r/的一种变体，但在普通话生产中也有发现。这种形状增加了文献，并扩展了普通话卷舌舌形的现有描述。尽管形状不同，但普通话卷舌的一般多对一发音-声学映射仍然成立。然而，尽管基于笛卡尔坐标的曲率分析显著区分了卷舌发音中的对比形状，但这些分析在分离齿龈-卷舌区分时并不同样可靠，可能是由于个体差异。通过极坐标的计算来量化位置对比中的舌轮廓变化。根据声道形态，可能存在嘴唇突出，讨论了普通话卷舌的初步发现。
