Miniotti Marco
"Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Psychol Health Med. 2022 Jun;27(5):1035-1041. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1842897. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
Empathy is essential in clinical care to achieve patient satisfaction, treatment adherence and health outcomes. Understanding how personality traits might influence the development of medical students' empathy for patient care is important in medical education. Previous studies have shown associations between medical students' personality and empathy. This study aims to explore the associations between temperament and character and empathy for patient care in a sample of young medical students. Participants were 299 second-year Italian medical students. They completed the Italian versions of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for medical students (JSE-S) and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-140). Correlation and regression analyses were performed. Significant positive low correlations were found between empathy and Reward Dependence, Cooperativeness and Self-transcendence. The regression model of the sex and personality dimensions explained 14% of the variance in empathy with two significant predictors: sex (B = 4.034) and Self-transcendence (B = 0.361). This study confirms that female medical students are more empathetic than males. It also suggests that the greater students' Self-transcendence is, the more empathetic towards patient care they are. Attention to medical students' personality should be present within medical curricula, as it may help to generate methods of enhancing and sustaining the empathy of students.
同理心在临床护理中对于实现患者满意度、治疗依从性和健康结果至关重要。了解人格特质如何影响医学生对患者护理的同理心发展在医学教育中很重要。先前的研究表明医学生的人格与同理心之间存在关联。本研究旨在探讨气质和性格与年轻医学生样本中对患者护理的同理心之间的关联。参与者为299名意大利二年级医学生。他们完成了医学生杰斐逊同理心量表（JSE-S）和气质与性格量表（TCI-140）的意大利语版本。进行了相关性和回归分析。发现同理心与奖励依赖、合作性和自我超越之间存在显著的低正相关。性别和人格维度的回归模型解释了同理心变异的14%，有两个显著预测因素：性别（B = 4.034）和自我超越（B = 0.361）。本研究证实女医学生比男医学生更具同理心。还表明学生的自我超越程度越高，他们对患者护理就越有同理心。医学课程应关注医学生的人格，因为这可能有助于产生增强和维持学生同理心的方法。
