Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark.
Occup Environ Med. 2021 Jan;78(1):54-60. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2020-106858. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
Exposure to electrical current may cause injury with both mental and physiological consequences. This may lead to increased contacts with general practitioners (GP) and the injured person may develop reduced ability to work. We aimed to examine these outcomes in terms of work-participation, long-term sick leave and contacts with GPs.
In a matched cohort design, we identified 14 112 electrical injuries in two registries and matched these with both patients with distorsion injuries or eye injuries, and with persons from the same occupation, using year of injury, sex and age for matching. We defined the outcomes based on register information regarding contacts with GPs and public transfer income. After the injury, we determined if the person had a long-term sick leave episode during the first 6, 12 months and 5 years. We calculated work participation during the year and 5 years and the number of GP contacts in the year of the injury, the year after and 5 years after the injury and dichotomised this at twice the mean number of contacts in the study population. The associations were analysed using conditional logistic regression.
We found increased risk for all defined outcomes, with the highest estimates in the occupation match. The risk estimates were similar over time. Adjusting for previous work participation increased the estimates slightly, whereas adjusting for previous contacts with GPs reduced the estimates. Restricting to those with at longer hospitalisation increased the estimates.
Electrical injuries increase risk of long-term sick leave, low work participation and increased contacts with GPs.
电流暴露可能会造成心理和生理上的伤害。这可能会导致与全科医生（GP）的接触增加，受伤人员的工作能力可能会下降。我们旨在研究这些与工作参与度、长期病假和与全科医生接触相关的结果。
在匹配队列设计中，我们在两个登记处确定了 14112 例电击伤，并使用受伤年份、性别和年龄进行匹配，将这些病例与扭曲伤或眼部损伤的患者以及同一职业的患者进行匹配。我们根据登记处关于与全科医生的接触和公共转移收入的信息来定义结果。在受伤后，我们确定了受伤后 6 个月、12 个月和 5 年内是否有长期病假。我们计算了受伤当年和 5 年内的工作参与度，以及受伤当年、受伤后 1 年和 5 年内的全科医生就诊次数，并将其分为研究人群就诊次数的两倍。使用条件逻辑回归分析了这些关联。
我们发现所有定义的结果都存在风险增加，职业匹配的估计值最高。随着时间的推移，风险估计值相似。调整以前的工作参与度略微增加了估计值，而调整以前与全科医生的接触则降低了估计值。将限制条件扩大到住院时间较长的患者则会增加估计值。
电击伤会增加长期病假、工作参与度降低和与全科医生接触增加的风险。
